What is River?
A river is a ribbon-like body of water that flows downward by gravity. A river can be wide and deep, or deep enough for a person to cross. A stream that flows slightly smaller than a river is called a stream, good or good. Some rivers flow throughout the year, while others flow only during certain seasons or when there is plenty of rain. The largest rivers are thousands of miles long.
What is the economy?
An economy is a large body of interconnected production, consumption, and exchange activities. An economic system is the production, consumption, and distribution of goods and services used to meet the needs of those who live and operate in an economy.
Why are rivers important?
Rivers are the backbone of human civilization! They provide us with fresh water that helps with various needs such as drinking water, cleaning, and washing. Without rivers, life would stop. The rivers flow non-stop. We, humans, are by rivers. The importance of rivers cannot be described in a few words.
People often do not understand the impact of rivers on the living world because they do their job quietly. Look, they are not ready on social media to show their work around the world! What if the rivers ever dried up? It’s scary to even think about it. Perhaps only we will understand their significance. We need to stop water pollution and river pollution.
- Rivers provide us with clean drinking water. It is one of the largest sources of freshwater. About 96% of reservoirs contain saltwater that humans cannot eat. As a result, we have to rely heavily on rivers for drinking water. So, if we do not have a good amount of it, life on earth will end.
- Various civilizations have been built around the rivers. Some of the earliest river basins include the Nile River Valley, the Indus River Basin, and the Yellow River Valley. These civilizations started near rivers because they help to cultivate the fertile soil in the river basins. He also assisted in transportation. Today, many villages and towns are on the banks of rivers.
- Rivers have a great purpose not only for man but also for animals and trees. There are various aquatic species that breed in rivers. In addition, various plants grow in the rivers. They are a part of the ecosystem, which is very important for maintaining the balance of the food chain.
- Rivers are also a source of energy. It helps to generate electricity. Rivers in hilly areas have a lot of electricity. This energy can be used by various machines and converted into electricity. Hydroelectric power plants are built to generate electricity in rivers. Various dams like the Bhakra Nangal Dam have also been constructed to utilize electricity.
- Rivers also help to improve the economy of a country. This is because they help move goods from one place to another. Imports and exports of goods improve the economy of the country.
- Rivers are self-sufficient. A trip to the river bank always calms the mind. Sitting on the banks of the river, admiring the wonders of nature, serving the mind and eyes.
- Rivers are fun too! Have you ever heard of river rafting? It’s a lifetime experience. Many other sports can be played on the rivers. They provide fun and adventure.
Rivers are the closest water bodies to us. It is very important to have good bonding; otherwise, it can show its angry face and ruin everything. Floods are an example of the angry face of rivers. It takes the lives of a lot of people. Floods caused extensive damage to property.
If there is no flood, it will lead to drought. Rivers will dry up and cause drought. This is very detrimental to civilization. As people say, everything must be kept in balance; otherwise they can wreak havoc on life. So it is with our rivers.
The best thing about rivers is that they keep flowing no matter what happens. Do not disturb the rivers. We need to keep them clean and keep them flowing. The thing about rivers is that people don’t understand their importance.
We do not know the value of rivers until they dry up. We need to understand that we need to protect our rivers from pollution.
Why are rivers important for the country’s economy?
why are rivers important for the country’s economy: NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography
Rivers are an important part of any economy, mainly for the following reasons:
- It is a source of freshwater: All civilizations in human history have usually developed on the banks of rivers. This is mainly due to the easy availability of fresh water for daily activities and the availability of fertile land for agriculture.
- Irrigation: With such a large population, India needs water resources to help sustain the agricultural production it needs.
- Dams: Several hydroelectric projects are being constructed on the rivers. This will increase energy production, as well as flood control and canalization of rivers. This is important for leading other industries.
- Tourism: Rivers also guide the tourism industry in India. River Ganges is a major source of religious tourism. Rivers help in adventure sports in mountainous areas.
- Transport Needs: Rivers serve as a means of transport for transporting people and goods. This advantage has probably not been used effectively in India as compared to other countries.
Economic aspects of connecting rivers
- Agriculture: India is mainly an agricultural country. More than 70 percent of the country’s population depends on agriculture for their livelihood. Floods and droughts are common every year. This is what keeps a large part of the country out of poverty. Irrigation coverage in the country will increase manifold if the River Linking project is completed somehow. More irrigation will create more fertile land. Therefore, if this idea comes to fruition, crop production will increase manifold. The best part is that people in water surplus areas will not be affected because they will still have enough water. However, those from drought-prone areas will get more water. This will help them grow more crops and move up the economic ladder.
- Hydroelectricity: As water moves from one river to another, the need for an extensive man-made irrigation network becomes inevitable. This irrigation network means the construction of several dams. The original plans to connect the rivers in India envisioned the construction of more than 3000 dams. If so many dams have been built across the country, they are expected to catch water. They can be used to generate electricity when water is needed.
- Therefore, the production of hydropower will increase. The River Interlinking Project will address not only water shortages but also power shortages faced by many parts of rural India.
- Displacement: The financial benefits of the River Interlinking Project are still a long way off. However, the cost is immediate. Large-scale engineering projects will have to be undertaken in many parts of the country. This means the government will take over the land and pave the way for the projects. This will lead to the relocation of many people who currently own that land. The cost of rehabilitating these people is very high. In addition, these costs need to be borne immediately when benefits are uncertain and far from the future.
- Climate change: Many environmentalists are critical of the project because it does not take climate change into account. The project will be completely useless in five decades due to the slow process of climate change. For example, the basic premise of this project is that there are rivers with extra water in India. Most of the rivers identified as surplus water are Himalayan rivers. When glaciers melt in the Himalayan region, they get extra water. However, due to global warming, the size of these glaciers is declining every year. Years later, the country may not have extra rivers. In such a situation, this plan to carry water from one place to another may fail completely. In fact, this may lead to political unrest in various regions. If the assumption of climate change is indeed correct, river connectivity projects are on the rise instead of reducing poverty.
Rivers and Water Management in India
As the river flows through many states and peoples, the solution of water sharing between different regions has long been a contentious issue with a major political agenda in India. States have a similar problem with river water pollution.
India’s water per capita has been less than 75% since independence
The surprising thing is that by 2030, India will have only half the water it needs. As of 2011, the per capita water availability in India was 1545 cubic meters. The per capita availability in 1947 was 6043 cubic meters. Post-independence per capita availability fell by 75% in 2011. The per capita water availability by 2050 will be 1191 cubic meters, which is close to the 1000 cubic meter water deficit norm.
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