Who were Gonds and Ahoms? – NCERT Solution for Class 7 History

Gonds and Ahoms – History, Similarities and Differences

The Gonds and the Ahoms were two prominent tribes interacting with other tribes and rose to dominance throughout the Vedic period. The Gonds were a vast tribe that lived in wooded regions known as Gondwana, or “Gondwana Country.” Smaller clans got controlled by individual rajas or rais, and shifting farming was prevalent.

During the sultanate of Delhi’s fall, the leaders of big Gond clans began to dominate the lesser clans, resulting in centralizing their administrative structure. Every kingdom was split into Garhs, subdivided further into Chaurasis or village units. A Chaurasi was split further into Barhots.

Another prominent clan that ruled Vedic India was the Ahoms. In the early 13th century, they traveled from Myanmar to the Brahmaputra Valley. The Ahoms did not have their kingdoms; instead, they built their empire by overthrowing the old Bhuiyan governmental framework.

The economy of the new kingdom got based on Paiks or forced labor. Their kingdom got split into Khels or clans. The Ahoms men created dams, irrigation systems, and public works projects and encouraged art and literature. They also translated Sanskrit writings into Ahom and eventually Assamese and wrote historical documents known as Buranjis.

Differentiate between gonds and ahoms

Ahoms and Gonds Differences –

The differences between Ahoms and Gonds are as follows:

• Ahoms were Brahmaputra Valley migrants from Myanmar and Yunnan Province in China. They descended from the Tai-Mongoloid race. The Gonds, on the other hand, were not newcomers to the area. They lived in Gondwana, a vast forest-covered continent.
• The Ahoms established their authority by fighting against the kingdoms of many tribes. The Rajputs affected the Gonds, and the Gonds impacted the Rajputs. In order to gain authority and recognition, they forged marriage alliances with Rajputs. The Ahoms spoke a dialect of Assamese.
• The Gonds, on the other hand, spoke Gondi, a language that is quite similar to Telugu. They also talked in a Dravidian dialect.
• After adopting Hinduism, the Ahoms began to worship Hindu gods instead of their tribal gods. The Gonds, on the other hand, practiced both clan worship and devotion to Lord Shiva.
• The Ahoms established their empire in Assam. The Gonds got found in present-day Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Eastern Maharashtra (Vidarbha), Chhattisgarh, and Western Odisha.

Similarities between Gonds and Ahoms

Ahoms and Gonds Similarities 

Below are the similarities between Ahoms and Gonds:

• The administration was centralized in both cases.
• Both were minor tribes that developed in strength by annexing nearby lesser communities.
• Both societies had class divisions or jatis.

FAQs (Frequently Asked Questions)

What type of interactions did nomadic pastoralists have with sedentary agriculturists?

Nomadic pastoralists donated wool, ghee, and other items. Nomadic pastoralists, on the other hand, were given wheat, textiles, utensils, and other goods by sedentary agriculturalists.

What was the structure of the Ahom state’s administration?

Ahoms Administration:

1. A population census was conducted.
   • Each hamlet was required to send a certain quantity of Paiks on a regular basis.
   • People were relocated from densely inhabited regions to less densely populated areas.

2. The government had become fairly centralized by the early part of the seventeenth century.
3. The Ahom polity was reliant on forced labor, which was referred to as Paiks.

When tribal societies were organized into states, what happened to them?
Changes in the Society:

1. The rise of major states changed tribal society’s character.
2. Equal society gradually splintered into unequal social classes, each of which grew in power.

1. • The Gond rajas provided land gifts to the Brahmanas.

3. The Gond rulers now wished to be referred to be Rajputs.

1. • Sangram Shah was handed-over to Aman Das, the Gond ruler of Garha Katanga.
   • Dalpat, his son, married Salbahan’s daughter, named Durgawati. Salbahan was Mahoba’s Chandel Rajput ruler.

Were the Banjaras important for the economy?

The Banjaras were extremely important to the economy. They were trader-nomads who ruled over business and trade. They performed a crucial role in getting grain to the city marketplaces. They normally bought grain where it was cheap and brought it to where it was more expensive. They then reloaded their oxen with anything else that might be sold economically elsewhere.

What were the differences between the Gonds and the Ahoms’ histories? Did you notice any similarities?

In the following respects, the Gonds’ history differed from that of the Ahoms:

• The Gond kingdom was vast, but the Ahoms kingdom was little.
• Ahoms formed a great polity when the Gond kingdoms were partitioned into Garhs.
• Firearms were not used by the Gonds. For the first time in the subcontinent’s history, Ahoms utilized firearms.
• Ahoms dwelt in the Brahmaputra valley, whereas Gonds lived in Gondwana.
• Shifting agriculture was practiced by the Gonds, although the Ahoms did not.

The similarity is that both were tribes:

• At various times, the Mughals attempted to conquer the regions of both.
• Due to the variety of jobs, there were changes in both societies.

Mention some special features of tribal societies.       

Some special features of tribal societies are:

• They did not observe the Brahmanas’ established social rules and customs.
• They weren’t split up into a lot of unequal classes.
• Kinship ties bound the society’s members together.

How did the tribal people earn their livelihood?

Agriculture was the indigenous people’s primary occupation. There were also shepherds and hunter-gatherers. They frequently mixed these tasks in order to make the most of the natural resources available in the region where they resided. Some tribes were nomadic, which meant they traveled from one location to another.

A tribal community shares management of land and pastures, which is distributed among households according to its own norms.

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