What are the structures of the human ear? Class 9 Science Notes
Online Notes Class 9 Science – The human ear is an organ whose main function is to hear and to detect the noise and always it by transduction. When noise is made sound waves are converted into the electrical impulse. In mammals, the ear is used for the sense of balance. The compression of air is converted into electrical signals so that the brain can detect sound. In the structure of the ear, we will understand how the process of conversion of air compression into an electrical signal takes place.
There three parts of the ear
Outer Ear
It contains a pinna (board part), ear canal (2-3 cm long passage) and Eardrum/ Tympanum (thin, circular elastic membrane at the end of the ear)
Middle Ear
It consists of three small and delicate bones hammer, anvil and stirrup. They are linked to each other. The lower part of the middle ear called a narrow tube called a Eustachian tube. Kit connects the middle ear to the throat. Air pressure inside middle ear is same as outside.
Inner Ear
It consists of a coiled tube called cochlea which is connected to the middle ear through the elastic membrane over the window. The cochlea is filled with a liquid which contains nerve cells which are sensitive to the sound. The other side of the nerve is connected to the auditory nerve which goes into the brain.
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How sound transuded?
The compression in the air reaches the outer car called pinna which detects the sound to travel through the ear canal to reach the car drum. Due to these compressions, the membrane starts vibrating. This thin membrane vibrates and relaxes depending on the amplitude of compression in the air. The vibration is then passed to three bones in the ear connected to the eardrum: hammer, anvil and stirrup and is amplified about 20 times than the actual vibration.
After the amplification by ear bones, the vibration is passed through the oval ear called Cochlea. Then vibration is sent to the liquid present in it, it creates waves and gets the electrical signal out of the cochlea. This creates waves and gets the signal out of the cochlea. The signal is sent through auditory nerve and brain reads the electrical impulse and detects the sound.
Watch video on the structure of the ear and understand how human ear looks and work. For details click Class 9 Science Human ear.
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