Poverty Alleviation Programmes in india | Reasons for the Failure of Poverty Alleviation Programs

Poverty Alleviation Programmes in India

Poverty Alleviation Programmes are initiated by the govt. to uplift the downtrodden section of society. The results of such a program are an assortment of the given options.

Below are given a couple of important poverty alleviation programs in short for quick reference:

• Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana: Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana refers to the streamlined, restructured, and comprehensive version of the Jawahar Rozgar Yojana. This yojana had been started on 1 April 1999. The aim of this programme was to take care of rural areas.
• National Pension Scheme (NPS): The National Pension System (NPS) may be a pension scheme sponsored by the govt. that was started for all government employees in 2004. The scheme was made hospitable to all citizens in 2009. It is a voluntary and long-term retirement scheme.
• National Family Benefit Scheme (NFBS): NFBS scheme was started in August 1995. This scheme was sponsored by the government. However, this scheme had been transferred to the state sector scheme after 2002–03. It’s under the community and rural departments.
• Pradhan Mantri Gramin Awaas Yojana: This Pradhan Mantri Gramin Awaas Yojana scheme is aimed toward creating housing for everybody. It had been initiated in 1985. It aimed toward creating 20 lakh housing units out of which 13 lakhs were in rural areas. This scheme also would give out loans to people at subsidized rates to form houses. It had been started in 1999–2000.

How effective have been the Poverty Alleviation Programmes?

For the first time since independence, efforts to alleviate poverty have paid off, with the share of absolute poor in some states falling substantially below the national average. Despite various strategies to alleviate poverty, hunger, malnourishment, illiteracy, and lack of basic amenities still are standard features in many parts of India.

Poverty Alleviation Programmes have not undergone any radical transformation though the policy towards poverty alleviation has evolved during a progressive manner, over the last five and a half decades. You will find a change in nomenclature, integration, or mutations of programmes. However, none resulted in any radical change within the ownership of assets, process of production and improvement of basic amenities to the needy.

Reasons for the Failure of Poverty Alleviation Programmes

Lack of proper implementation and targeting is one of the key causes of ineffectiveness. There has also been a lot of overlap in schemes. Despite their good intentions, these programmes’ benefits do not reach all of the deserving poor.

Scholars state three major areas of concern that prevent their successful implementation while assessing Poverty Alleviation Programmes. Thanks to the unequal distribution of land and other assets, the advantages from direct poverty alleviation programs are appropriated by the non-poor.

• The quantity of resources allocated for these programs isn’t sufficient as compared to the magnitude of poverty. Furthermore, the implementation of these programmes is largely dependent on government and bank personnel.
• Since such officials are ill-motivated, inadequately trained, corruption-prone, and susceptible to pressure from a spread of local elites, the resources are inefficiently used and wasted.
• There is also non-participation of local-level institutions in the implementation of Poverty Alleviation Programmes.
• Government schemes have also did not address the overwhelming majority of vulnerable people that live on or are simply above the poverty level. It also reveals that prime growth alone isn’t sufficient to scale back poverty. It is impossible to conduct any programme successfully without the active participation of the impoverished.

Conclusion

Poverty can be removed only if the poor start contributing to growth by participating actively within the growth process. This is often possible through a process of social mobilization, encouraging poor people to participate and obtain their empowerment. This may also help create employment opportunities which can cause a rise in levels of income, skill development, health, and literacy. Moreover, it’s necessary to spot poverty-stricken areas and supply infrastructure like schools, roads, power, telecom, IT services, training institutions, etc.

Poverty reduction is one of the world’s most pressing issues, and it is suggested that the private sector can play a key role in generating the economic growth, employment, and purchasing options required to achieve considerable poverty reduction.

Poverty is strongly linked to a slew of negative measurable characteristics of living standards, so reducing poverty can improve the lives of millions of people all over the world.

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