NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Accountancy : Depreciation, Provisions And Reserves

NCERT Solutions is said to be an extremely helpful book during the preparation of the CBSE Class 11 Accounting Exams. This study material has deep knowledge, and the solutions collected by the subject matter wizards are not separate.

NCERT Solution For Class 11 Accountancy Chapter 7 – Introduction to Accounting provides us with all-inclusive information on all concepts. As students would have to learn the basics about the subject of accounting in class 11, this curriculum for class 11 is a comprehensive study material, which explains the concepts in a great way.

Below you can find the NCERT solution for Class 11 Accountancy. You can get a Solution for the all-important question of “Chapter 7 : Depreciation, Provisions And Reserves”

NCERT solution for Class 11 Accountancy Chapter – 7 Depreciation, Provisions and Reserves explains about depreciation, need for providing depreciation and the factors affecting depreciation. The difference between straight line method and written down value method is also explained in the chapter. The difference between provision and reserve is also clarified in the chapter.

Page No 270:

Question 1: What is Depreciation?

Question 2: State briefly the need for providing depreciation.

Question 3: What are the causes of depreciation?

Question 4: Explain basic factors affecting the amount of depreciation.

Question 5: Distinguish between straight line method and written down value method of calculating depreciation.

Question 6: In case of a long term asset, repair and maintenance expenses are expected to rise in later years than in earlier year. Which method is suitable for charging depreciation if the management does not want to increase burden on profits and loss account on account of depreciation and repair.

Question 7: What are the effects of depreciation on profit and loss account and balance sheet?

Question 8: Distinguish between provision and reserve.

Question 9: Give four examples each of provision and reserves.

Question 10: Distinguish between revenue reserve and capital reserve.

Question 11: Give four examples each of revenue reserve and capital reserves.

Question 12: Distinguish between general reserve and specific reserve.

Question 13: Explain the concept of secret reserve.

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Page No 270:

Question 1: Explain the concept of depreciation. What is the need for charging depreciation and what are the causes of depreciation?

Question 2: Discuss in detail the straight line method and written down value method of depreciation. Distinguish between the two and also give situations where they are useful.

Question 3: Describe in detail two methods of recording depreciation. Also give the necessary journal entries.

Question 4: Explain determinants of the amount of depreciation.

Question 5: Name and explain different types of reserves in details.

Question 6: What are provisions? How are they created? Give accounting treatment in case of provision for doubtful Debts.

Page No 271: 

Question 1:

On April 01, 2010, Bajrang Marbles purchased a Machine for Rs 1,80,000 and spent Rs 10,000 on its carriage and Rs 10,000 on its installation. It is estimated that its working life is 10 years and after 10 years its scrap value will be Rs 20,000.

Question 2: On July 01, 2010, Ashok Ltd. Purchased a Machine for Rs 1,08,000 and spent Rs 12,000 on its installation. At the time of purchase it was estimated that the effective commercial life of the machine will be 12 years and after 12 years its salvage value will be Rs 12,000.

Prepare machine account and depreciation Account in the books of Ashok Ltd. For first three years, if depreciation is written off according to straight line method. The account are closed on December 31st, every year.

Question 3: Reliance Ltd. Purchased a second hand machine for Rs 56,000 on October 01, 2011 and spent Rs 28,000 on its overhaul and installation before putting it to operation. It is expected that the machine can be sold for Rs 6,000 at the end of its useful life of 15 years. Moreover an estimated cost of Rs 1,000 is expected to be incurred to recover the salvage value of Rs 6,000. Prepare machine account and Provision for depreciation account for the first three years charging depreciation by fixed Instalment Method. Accounts are closed on March 31, every year.

Question 4: Berlia Ltd. Purchased a second hand machine for Rs 56,000 on July 01, 2015 and spent Rs 24,000 on its repair and installation and Rs 5,000 for its carriage. On September 01, 2016, it purchased another machine for Rs 2,50,000 and spent Rs 10,000 on its installation.

(a) Depreciation is provided on machinery @10% p.a on original cost method annually on December 31. Prepare machinery account and depreciation account from the year 2015 to 2018.

(b) Prepare machinery account and depreciation account from the year 2015 to 20018, if depreciation is provided on machinery @10% p.a. on written down value method annually on December 31.

Question 5: Ganga Ltd. purchased a machinery on January 01, 2014 for Rs 5,50,000 and spent Rs 50,000 on its installation. On September 01, 2014 it purchased another machine for Rs 3,70,000. On May 01, 2015 it purchased another machine for Rs 8,40,000 (including installation expenses).

Depreciation was provided on machinery @10% p.a. on original cost method annually on December 31. Prepare:

(a) Machinery account and depreciation account for the years 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017.

(b) If depreciation is accumulated in provision for Depreciation account then prepare machine account and provision for depreciation account for the years 2014, 2015, 2016 and 2017.

Question 6: Azad Ltd. purchased furniture on October 01, 2014 for Rs 4,50,000. On March 01, 2015 it purchased another furniture for Rs 3,00,000. On July 01, 2016 it sold off the first furniture purchased in 2014 for Rs 2,25,000. Depreciation is provided at 15% p.a. on written down value method each year. Accounts are closed each year on March 31. Prepare furniture account, and accumulated depreciation account for the years ended on March 31, 2015, March 31, 2016 and March 31, 2017. Also give the above two accounts if furniture disposal account is opened.

Question 7: M/s Lokesh Fabrics purchased a Textile Machine on April 01, 2011 for Rs 1,00,000. On July 01, 2012 another machine costing Rs 2,50,000 was purchased. The machine purchased on April 01, 2011 was sold for Rs 25,000 on October 01, 2015. The company charges depreciation @15% p.a. on straight line method. Prepare machinery account and machinery disposal account for the year ended March 31, 2016.

Question 8: The following balances appear in the books of Crystal Ltd, on Jan 01, 2015

On April 01, 2015 a machinery which was purchased on January 01, 2012 for Rs 2,00,000 was sold for Rs 75,000. A new machine was purchased on July 01, 2015 for Rs 6,00,000. Depreciation is provided on machinery at 20% p.a. on Straight line method and books are closed on December 31 every year. Prepare the machinery account and provision for depreciation account for the year ending December 31, 2015.

Question 9: M/s. Excel Computers has a debit balance of Rs 50,000 (original cost Rs 1,20,000) in computers account on April 01, 2010. On July 01, 2010 it purchased another computer costing Rs 2,50,000. One more computer was purchased on January 01, 2011 for Rs 30,000. On April 01, 2014 the computer which has purchased on July 01, 2010 became obsolete and was sold for Rs 20,000. A new version of the IBM computer was purchased on August 01, 2014 for Rs 80,000. Show Computers account in the books of Excel Computers for the years ended on March 31 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015. The computer is depreciated @10 p.a. on straight line method basis.

Question 11: Saraswati Ltd. purchased a machinery costing Rs 10,00,000 on January 01, 2011. A new machinery was purchased on 01 May, 2012 for Rs 15,00,000 and another on July 01, 2014 for Rs 12,00,000. A part of the machinery which originally cost Rs 2,00,000 in 2011 was sold for Rs 75,000 on April 30, 2014. Show the machinery account, provision for depreciation account and machinery disposal account from 2011 to 2015 if depreciation is provided at 10% p.a. on original cost and account are closed on December 31, every year.

Question 10: Carriage Transport Company purchased 5 trucks at the cost of Rs 2,00,000 each on April 01, 2011. The company writes off depreciation @ 20% p.a. on original cost and closes its books on December 31, every year. On October 01, 2013, one of the trucks is involved in an accident and is completely destroyed. Insurance company has agreed to pay Rs 70,000 in full settlement of the claim. On the same date the company purchased a second hand truck for Rs 1,00,000 and spent Rs 20,000 on its overhauling. Prepare truck account and provision for depreciation account for the three years ended on December 31, 2013. Also give truck account if truck disposal account is prepared.

Question 12: On July 01, 2011 Ashwani purchased a machine for Rs 2,00,000 on credit. Installation expenses Rs 25,000 are paid by cheque. The estimated life is 5 years and its scrap value after 5 years will be Rs 20,000. Depreciation is to be charged on straight line basis. Show the journal entry for the year 2011 and prepare necessary ledger accounts for first three years.

Question 13: On October 01, 2010, a Truck was purchased for Rs 8,00,000 by Laxmi Transport Ltd. Depreciation was provided at 15% p.a. on the diminishing balance basis on this truck. On December 31, 2013 this Truck was sold for Rs 5,00,000. Accounts are closed on 31st March every year. Prepare a Truck Account for the four years

Question 14: Kapil Ltd. purchased a machinery on July 01, 2011 for Rs 3,50,000. It purchased two additional machines, on April 01, 2012 costing Rs 1,50,000 and on October 01, 2012 costing Rs 1,00,000. Depreciation is provided @10% p.a. on straight line basis. On January 01, 2013, first machinery become useless due to technical changes. This machinery was sold for Rs 1,00,000, prepare machinery account for 4 years on the basis of calendar year.

Question 15: On January 01, 2011, Satkar Transport Ltd, purchased 3 buses for Rs 10,00,000 each. On July 01, 2013, one bus was involved in an accident and was completely destroyed and Rs 7,00,000 were received from the Insurance Company in full settlement. Depreciation is writen off @15% p.a. on diminishing balance method. Prepare bus account from 2011 to 2014. Books are closed on December 31 every year.

Question 16: On October 01, 2011 Juneja Transport Company purchased 2 Trucks for Rs 10,00,000 each. On July 01, 2013, One Truck was involved in an accident and was completely destroyed and Rs 6,00,000 were received from the insurance company in full settlement. On December 31, 2013 another truck was involved in an accident and destroyed partially, which was not insured. It was sold off for Rs 1,50,000. On January 31, 2014 company purchased a fresh truck for Rs 12,00,000. Depreciation is to be provided at 10% p.a. on the written down value every year. The books are closed every year on March 31. Give the truck account from 2011 to 2014.

Question 17: A Noida based Construction Company owns 5 cranes and the value of this asset in its books on April 01, 2017 is Rs 40,00,000. On October 01, 2017 it sold one of its cranes whose value was Rs 5,00,000 on April 01, 2017 at a 10% profit. On the same day it purchased 2 cranes for Rs 4,50,000 each. Prepare cranes account. It closes the books on December 31 and provides for depreciation on 10% written down value.

Question 18: ShriKrishan Manufacturing Company purchased 10 machines for Rs 75,000 each on July 01, 2014. On October 01, 2016, one of the machines got destroyed by fire and an insurance claim of Rs 45,000 was admitted by the company. On the same date another machine is purchased by the company for Rs 1,25,000.

The company writes off 15% p.a. depreciation on written down value basis. The company maintains the calendar year as its financial year. Prepare the machinery account from 2014 to 2017.

Question 19: On January 01, 2014, a Limited Company purchased machinery for Rs 20,00,000. Depreciation is provided @15% p.a. on diminishing balance method. On March 01, 2016, one fourth of machinery was damaged by fire and Rs 40,000 were received from the insurance company in full settlement. On September 01, 2016 another machinery was purchased by the company for Rs 15,00,000.

Write up the machinery account from 2016 to 2017. Books are closed on December 31, every year.

Question 20: A Plant was purchased on 1st July, 2015 at a cost of Rs 3,00,000 and Rs 50,000 were spent on its installation. The depreciation is written off at 15% p.a. on the straight line method. The plant was sold for Rs 1,50,000 on October 01, 2017 and on the same date a new Plant was installed at the cost of Rs 4,00,000 including purchasing value. The accounts are closed on December 31 every year.

Show the machinery account and provision for depreciation account for 3 years

Question 21: An extract of Trial balance from the books of Tahiliani and Sons Enterprises on Marc 31 2017 is given below:

Additional Information:

•          Bad Debts proved bad; however, not recorded amounted to Rs 2,000.
•          Provision is to be maintained at 8% of debtors

Give necessary accounting entries for writing off the bad debts and creating the provision for doubtful debts account. Also, show the necessary accounts.

Question 22: The following information is extracted from the Trial Balance of M/s Nisha Traders on 31 March 2017.

Additional Information

Bad Debts Rs 500

Provision is to be maintained at 2% of Debtors

Prepare bad debts account, Provision for bad debts account and profit and loss account.