NCERT Solution For Class 8 Social Science Civics, Chapter 10 – Law and Social Justice

NCERT Solutions is known as an extremely helpful resource for preparing for the exam. Takshila Learning provides its learners with access to a wealth of NCERT problems and their solutions. CBSE Class 8 Social Science Civics NCERT Solutions are built by subject matter experts, so be sure to train learners for a good grade. The questions set out in the NCERT Books are prepared in compliance with the requirements of the CBSE.

NCERT Solution For Class 8 Political Science, Chapter 10 – Law and Social Justice provides us with all-inclusive information on all concepts. As students would have to learn the basics about the subject in class 8, this curriculum for class 8 is comprehensive study material, which explains the concepts in a great way.

2. What are the advantages to foreign companies in setting up production in India?

Answer: The advantages for foreign companies in setting up their production in India are as follows:1. Foreign companies come to India due to cheap labor. The wages that companies pay to workers abroad are much higher than those paid to workers in India.2. Low pay and long working hours.3. Minimum additional expenditure for housing facilities for workers. Thus, companies can save costs and earn higher profits.4. Cost reductions can also be made by other dangerous methods, such as reducing working conditions, which include fewer safety measures.

3. Do you think the victims of the Bhopal gas tragedy got justice? Discuss.

Answer: The victims of the Bhopal gas tragedy received some monetary compensation, but not justice. This was due to gross neglect of safety measures by the factory management. The government represented the people to claim compensation for the affected people. The government demanded $ 3 billion as compensation, of which the company paid only $ 470 million. Today, even after shedding so many tears due to the tragedy, there are still people to get justice. So many victims still fail to avail safe drinking water, health facilities, and jobs. Many people who were ready for life have no use of compensation money. Therefore, it can be said that the victims of the Bhopal gas tragedy did not get justice.

4. What do we mean when we speak of law enforcement? Who is responsible for enforcement? Why is enforcement so important?

Answer: Law enforcement means the implementation of the law. The government is responsible for enforcement. Enforcement is important when the law seeks to protect people from the weaker sections who are strong and powerful. Enforcement is important to ensure that every worker receives fair wages. When workers are poor or powerless, the fear of losing future earnings or facing retaliation forces them to accept lower wages. Employers use it as a tool to pay workers less than fair pay. In such cases, it is important that laws are implemented.

5. How can laws ensure that markets work in a manner that is fair? Give two examples to support your answer.

Answer: Laws ensure that markets act in a fair manner by protecting people from inappropriate behavior. Two examples are -Child Labor Prevention Act: This law states that no child under 14 years of age shall be employed to work in a factory or quarry or to engage in any other hazardous employment. Right against Exploitation: This law states that no one can be forced to work under low wages or bonds. The government has also passed laws to ensure that essential products such as kerosene, grains, sugar, etc. are not exorbitantly priced. It is imperative to impose such restrictions on people marketing such products so that people of lower economic status can afford these goods.

7. Write a paragraph on the various roles of the government that you have read about in this unit.

Answer: The government plays the following roles:1. Providing public facilities such as health facilities, sanitation and water supply and ensuring that they do not extend beyond private enterprises.2. Enforcing the law against child labor.3. Fixing the minimum wage for workers and revising it from time to time.4. Enforcing laws regarding safety at the workplace.5. Enforcing laws regarding the protection of the environment.6. Protecting the interests of consumers against overprinting and standard products.7. Punishing organizations that do not follow policies to protect the environment against pollution.

8. What are the sources of environmental pollution in your area? Discuss with respect to (a) air; (b) water and (c) soil. What are the steps being taken to reduce pollution? Can you suggest some other measures?

Answer: The various sources of environmental pollution in our area are as follows:(a) Smoke coming out of petrol or diesel driven factories and vehicles is the main reason behind air pollution. (b) The main cause of water pollution is chemical fertilizers and waste from factories, farms, and homes. (c) Soil is polluted by pesticides and fertilizers that are used to grow crops or from waste by humans or factory waste. Steps taken to reduce pollution are: Various laws have been enacted to monitor environmental pollution. Promoting CNG vehicles to reduce air pollution. Strict action against companies violating environmental laws.No rules or laws can help in making our environment clean and pollution-free unless every person of the society takes responsibility on their behalf to keep their environment clean. Only voluntary actions can make our environment pollution-free.

9. How was environment treated earlier? What has been the change in perception? Discuss.

Answer: The environment was considered as a ‘free’ unit and any industry or individual could pollute the environment without any restrictions. There were very few laws in India to protect and preserve the environment. The government also did not pay attention to protecting the environment. Now, the perception has changed. The government has introduced several laws to protect and preserve the environment such as the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. The courts have given several decisions upholding the right to a healthy environment for the fundamental right to life. Various laws and procedures have been enacted to check pollution and clean rivers. The government can also impose fines on those who pollute our precious environment.