NCERT Solution For Class 8 Science, Chapter 10 – Reaching the Age of Adolescence

NCERT Solutions is known as an extremely helpful resource for preparing for the exam. Takshila Learning provides its learners with access to a wealth of NCERT problems and their solutions. CBSE Class 8 Science NCERT Solutions are built by subject matter experts, so be sure to train learners for a good grade. The questions set out in the NCERT Books are prepared in compliance with the requirements of the CBSE.

NCERT Solution For Class 8 Science, Chapter 10 – Reaching the Age of Adolescence provides us with all-inclusive information on all concepts. As students would have to learn the basics about the subject in class 8, this curriculum for class 8 is comprehensive study material, which explains the concepts in a great way.

1. What is the term used for chemical secretions of endocrine glands responsible for changes taking place in the body?

Sol:

The chemical substance secreted by the endocrine glands is called Hormones. Hormones are responsible for the changes taking place in the body.

2. Define adolescence.

Sol:

The period between puberty and the onset of puberty is called adolescence. In this time period, the body undergoes various changes along with reproductive maturity. It starts somewhat at the age of 11 and ends at the age of 18/19. This period of adolescence can vary from person to person.

3. What is menstruation? Explain

Sol:

The process of shedding the lining of the uterus on a regular monthly basis is called menstruation. It begins in puberty and the reproductive cycle of the female body. The uterus prepares itself to receive one fertilized egg every month. This causes the inner lining of the uterus to become thick and blood is fed to the fetus to nourish it. If the egg is not fertilized, the lining of the uterus is ruptured and released as blood through the vagina. The time period for this is about 2 to 8 days every month. This menstrual cycle is known as the menstrual cycle.

4. List changes in the body that take place at puberty

Sol:

The changes that occur during puberty are as follows:a) Body height and weight will increase suddenlyb) Hair like feet, hands, face and underarms are visible in this area.C) In females, ovary enlargement and production of mature egg begins and on the other hand in males the testes grow and produce sperm.d) In men, the shoulders become wide and the chest becomes wide, while in women the area below the waist becomes wide.E) Acne appears due to excessive secretion of oil from the skin.f) In boys, the larynx becomes dominant under the influence of hormones, the vocal cord becomes long and thick resulting in a hoarse voice.

5. Prepare a Table having two columns depicting names of endocrine glands and hormones secreted by them.

Sol:

6. What are sex hormones? Why are they named so? State their function

Sol:

The chemical substances produced by sexual organs are called sex hormones. For example, in women, the sex hormone produced by the ovaries is called estrogen and in men, the sex hormone produced by the testes is called testosterone.Some functions performed by sex hormones:Oestrogen: This hormone is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characters in women such as enlargement of breasts, development of female fertility etc.Testosterone: This hormone induces secondary sexual character in boys such as beard growth, hoarseness, development of reproductive organs etc.

7. Choose the correct option.

(a) Adolescents should be careful about what they eat, because

(i) proper diet develops their brains.

(ii) proper diet is needed for the rapid growth taking place in their body.

(iii) adolescents feel hungry all the time.

(iv) taste buds are well developed in teenagers.

(b) Reproductive age in women starts when their

(i) menstruation starts.

(ii) breasts start developing.

(iii) body weight increases.

(iv) height increases.

(c) The right meal for adolescents consists of

(i) chips, noodles, coke.

(ii) chapati, dal, vegetables.

(iii) rice, noodles and burger.

(iv) vegetable cutlets, chips and lemon drink.

Sol:

1. a) (iv) taste buds are well developed in teenagers.
2. b) (iii) body weight increases.
3. c) (ii) chapati, dal, vegetables.
4. Write notes on—

(a) Adam’s apple.

(b) Secondary sexual characters.

(c) Sex determination in the unborn baby.

Sol:

a) Adam’s apple: In human males, the larynx is larger during puberty and can be seen as a bulging part of the throat. This protrusion is known as Adam’s apple. Under the influence of sex hormones in boys, the larynx becomes predominant. Because of this, the vocal cord becomes thicker and longer, causing the voice to become hoarse. On the other hand in women, the larynx is small in size and rarely visible. Therefore, girls have a higher voice while boys have a deeper voice.

9. Word game :

Use the clues to work out the words.

Across

3. Protruding voice box in boys
4. Glands without ducts
5. Endocrine gland attached to brain
6. Secretion of endocrine glands
7. Pancreatic hormone
8. Female hormone

Down

1. Male hormone
2. Secretes thyroxine
3. Another term for teenage
4. Hormone reaches here through blood stream
5. Voice box
6. Term for changes at adolescence

Sol:

Across

1. Adam’s apple
2. Endocrine
3. Pituitary
4. Hormone
5. Insulin
6. Estrogen

Down

1. Testosterone
2. Thyroid
3. Adolescence
4. Target site
5. Larynx
6. Puberty

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