NCERT Solution For Class 8 Science, Chapter 1 – Crop Production and Management

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NCERT Solution For Class 8 Science, Chapter 1 – Crop Production and Management provides us with all-inclusive information on all concepts. As students would have to learn the basics about the subject in class 8, this curriculum for class 8 is comprehensive study material, which explains the concepts in a great way.

Question 1.
Select the correct word from the following list and fill in the blanks.
float, water, crop, nutrients, preparation
(a) The same kind of plants grown and cultivated on a large scale at a place is called _____
(b) The first step before growing crops is _______ of the soil.
(c) Damaged seeds would ______ on top of the water.
(d) For growing a crop, sufficient sunlight ______ and ______ from the soil are essential.

Answer:
(a) crop
(b) preparation
(c) float
(d) water, nutrients

Question 2.
Match items in column A with those in column B.

Answer:
(i) (e)
(ii) (d)
(iii) (b)
(iv) (c)

Question 3.
Give two examples of each.
(a) Kharif crop
(b) Rabi crop

Answer:
(a) Kharif crop: arhar (pulses) and rice.
(b) Rabi crop: barley and oats

Question 4.

Write a paragraph in your own words on each of the following.

(a) Preparation of soil
(b) Sowing
(c) Weeding
(d) Threshing

Answer:
(a) Preparation of soil: Soil preparation is essential before ripening a crop. It includes tilling and loosening the soil. This enables the roots to enter deep in the soil and to breathe easily even when they are deep.

(b) Sowing: The technique of putting seeds into the soil is called sowing. The equipment used traditionally for sowing seeds is funnel-shaped. Now, a seed drill is used for sowing with the help of tractors. This tool sows the seed uniformly at an adequate distance and depth.

(c) Weeding: Some unpleasant plants grow along with crop and these undesirable plants are called weeds. The procedure of eliminating these unwanted plants is called weeding.

(d) Threshing: The process of separating the grain seeds from the chaff is called threshing.

Question 5.
Explain how fertilizers are different from manure.

Answer:

Question 6.
What is irrigation? Describe two methods of irrigation that conserve water.

Answer:
The unnatural procedure of watering the plants for helping in their growth is called irrigation.
Two methods which help us to conserve water are:
(i) Sprinkler irrigation system: This irrigation system has an arrangement of sheer pipes with rotating nozzles on the prime. It is more helpful in the uneven and sandy land where adequate water is not accessible.

(ii) Drip irrigation system: This irrigation system has an arrangement of pipes or tubes with very minor holes in them to water plants drop by drop just at the ground of the root. It is very productive as water is not wasted at all.

Question 7.
If wheat is sown in the Kharif season, what would happen? Discuss.

Answer:
Wheat crop is sown from November/December to March/April as is grown in winter and needs less water but if wheat is sown in the Kharif season, its production will be reduced considerably.

Question 8.
Explain how soil gets affected by the continuous plantation of crops in a field.

Answer:
Continuous plantation of crops makes the soil poorer in specific nutrients as the crops take up nutrients from the soil. The soil becomes infertile and does not get enough time to rejuvenate the nutrients.

Question 9.
What are the weeds? How can we control them?

Answer:
The unpleasant and undesirable plants which grow naturally along with the crop are called weeds. The growth of weeds can be regulated by acquiring many ways. Tilling before sowing of crops aids in the uprooting and killing of weeds, which may then dry up and get mixed with the soil. Weeds are also controlled by using particular chemicals, called weedicides. Weedicides are drizzled in the fields to kill or eliminate the weeds.

Question 10.
Arrange the following boxes in the proper order to make a flow chart of sugarcane crop production.

1. Sending crop to sugar factory.
2. Irrigation
3. Harvesting
4. Sowing
5. Preparation of soil
6. Ploughing the field
7. Manuring

Answer:

5. Preparation of soil
6. Ploughing the field
7. Sowing
8. Manuring
9. Irrigation
10. Harvesting
11. Sending crop to sugar factory.

Question 11.
Complete the following word puzzle with the help of clues given below.
Down
1. Providing water to the crops.
2. Keeping crop grains for a long time under proper conditions.
5. Certain plants of the same kind grown on a large scale.
Across
3. A machine used for cutting the matured crop.
4. A rabi crop that is also one of the pulses.
6. A process of separating the grain from the chaff.

Answer: Down 1) Irrigation 2) Storage 5) Crop

Across 3) harvester 4) gram 6) Winnowing

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