NCERT Solution For Class 8 Science, Chapter 7 – Conservation of Plants and Animals

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NCERT Solution For Class 8 Science, Chapter 7 – Conservation of Plants and Animals provides us with all-inclusive information on all concepts. As students would have to learn the basics about the subject in class 8, this curriculum for class 8 is comprehensive study material, which explains the concepts in a great way.

1. Fill in the blanks.

(a) A place where animals are protected in their natural habitat is called _________ .

(b) Species found only in a particular area is known as _______ .

(c) Migratory birds fly to faraway places because of __________ changes.

Sol:

(a) A place where animals are protected in their natural habitat is called Sanctuary.

(b) Species found only in a particular area is known as endemic .

(c) Migratory birds fly to faraway places because of climatic changes.

2. Differentiate between the following.

(a) Wildlife sanctuary and biosphere reserve

(b) Zoo and wildlife sanctuary

(c) Endangered and extinct species

(d) Flora and fauna

Sol:

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

3. Discuss the effects of deforestation on the following.

(a) Wild animals

(b) Environment

(c) Villages (Rural areas)

(d) Cities (Urban areas)

(e) Earth

(f) The next generation

Sol:

(a) Effects of deforestation on wild animals:

The removal of trees and plant life from a particular area for the manufacture of industries, agriculture, or other such purposes is known as deforestation. Plant life is an integral part of the ecosystem and these plants form the natural habitat of various animals in that ecosystem. Destroying plant life will eventually threaten the survival of animals in that particular ecosystem and may lead to their extinction.

 (b) Effects of deforestation on the environment:

In plants, photosynthesis occurs by the absorption of CO2 from the Earth’s atmosphere. If the plant life of an area is destroyed, the percentage of CO2 in the atmosphere increases rapidly. Concentration of CO2 has increased as a result of excessive heat radiations trapped within the Earth’s atmosphere contributing to global warming. This increases the temperature of the earth and causes disturbances in the water cycle occurring in nature. Therefore, the rain pattern leads to droughts and floods.

 (c) Effects of deforestation on villages:

The soil particles are held together in one place by the roots of plants, trees and other vegetation. In the event of water flow or high-speed air at the top layer of soil, soil particles are easily removed because there are no plants to keep in place. Thus, deforestation activities increase soil erosion. The soil loses fertility and loses humus. Therefore, a fertile land is transformed into a desert suitable for agriculture.

(d)Effects of deforestation on cities:

The risk of natural disasters such as floods and droughts in urban areas is increased by deforestation. This will also promote global warming due to increased CO2 levels in the atmosphere. This is the result of continuous pollution from automobiles and industries. The water cycle in the surrounding area is also affected.

 (e) Effects of deforestation on Earth:

Deforestation increases the chances of desertification, drought and flooding. The level of carbon dioxide in the Earth’s atmosphere also increases which leads to global warming. The water cycle is disrupted and the risk of natural disasters has increased.

 (f) Effects of deforestation on the next generation:

Our environment is gradually transformed by deforestation activities, directly and indirectly. Soil erosion, global warming, desertification, drought, greenhouse effect, floods and many other problems are caused only by deforestation. Ultimately, the next generation will have to face the consequences of deforestation.

4. What will happen if

(a) we go on cutting trees

(b) the habitat of an animal is disturbed

(c) the top layer of soil is exposed

Sol:

(a) If we go on cutting the trees

If we keep cutting down trees, animals will lose their natural habitat because the essential part of their ecosystem is destroyed. This reduces the biodiversity of the affected areas. Earth’s temperature also rises and gives way to global warming. Global warming, in turn, affects the water cycle. Therefore, the rain pattern leads to droughts and floods. The risks of soil erosion, global warming, desertification, greenhouse effect are increased.

 (b) If the habitat of an animal is disturbed

All basic necessities such as food, water, shelter and protection for an animal are provided by the habitat in which the animal disturbs the habitat, forcing him to move to another place in search of food, water, shelter and needs. Have to be. Security. The animal can, of course, be killed by other animals.

 (C) If the top layer of the soil is removed

Removing the top layer of soil gradually exposes the lower layers of soil. The lower layers of soil are hard and rocky in nature and are less fertile. This is due to the low amount of humus. Soil erosion on a continuous basis will make it infertile and ooze.

5. Answer in brief.

(a) Why should we conserve biodiversity?

(b) Protected forests are also not completely safe for wild animals. Why?

(c) Some tribals depend on the jungle. How?

(d) What are the causes and consequences of deforestation?

(e) What is Red Data Book?

(f) What do you understand by the term migration?

Sol:

(a) The number and diversity of different life forms in the region such as plants, animals and microbes is called biodiversity. Both plants and animals have interdependence for survival. As they are related to each other, the destruction of one will automatically destroy the other. Therefore, biodiversity must be conserved to maintain the balance of nature.

(b) People living near forests depend on forests resources to meet their everyday needs. Therefore, it is not safe for animals living in protected forests. Animals will be threatened by the presence of human populations. This kills wild animals and sells their products in large quantities.

(c) The forests provide food, fodder and other resources to the tribal people. It is inevitable for them to depend on forests and their resources for everyday needs.

(d) Causes of deforestation:

There are a lot of causes for deforestation. A few of them are listed below.

1. In order to accommodate the ever-expanding urban population, forest areas are often cleared and converted into lands for various uses.
2. For agricultural activities like crop cultivation and cattle grazing, forest lands are cleared.

III. Firewood is a major product from the forests and it is one of the main reasons for cutting the trees on a large scale.

Consequences of deforestation:

There are a lot of fatal consequences caused by deforestation. A few of them are listed below.

1. Soil erosion
2. Loss of Biodiversity
3. Floods
4. Droughts
5. Global warming as a result of climate change
6. Disruption of the water cycle

(e) The Red Data Book is basically a sourcebook with an international list of all plant and animal species that are endangered, that is, on the verge of extinction. The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) maintains books and adds / removes species names by conducting an extensive survey.(F) Migration of an organism or group of organisms from one natural place to another place on a standard basis each year and at a particular time of each year is known as migration. Organisms do this to avoid uninhabited climatic conditions or reproduction processes.

6. In order to meet the ever-increasing demand in factories and for shelter, trees are being continually cut. Is it justified to cut trees for such projects? Discuss and prepare a brief report.

Sol:

Cutting trees is not at all appropriate to meet the increasing demands of the human population. There are a large number of creatures such as wildlife, insects and birds living in the forests. The forests provide good quality air for both animals and humans. This is due to the process of respiration of plants, by which they consume harmful carbon dioxide and give good quality oxygen. Thus, keeping greenhouse gases and global warming under control. The roots of the vegetation of the forests help prevent soil erosion. Natural disasters like floods and droughts can also be prevented by their presence. They help increase soil fertility and conserve ecosystem biodiversity.To meet the demands of the growing human population, cutting trees in large numbers is facing many long-term problems due to deforestation and overflowing of its resources.•soil erosion•Green House Effect•global temperature•Flooding•DryApart from the problems listed above, the effects of massive deforestation will leave forever in the face of human civilization. The balance of nature has been disturbed by the destruction of trees. Therefore, it is of utmost priority and importance to conserve forests.       7. How can you contribute to the maintenance of green wealth of your locality? Make a list of actions to be taken by you.

Sol:

I can grow plants in my area and take care of the green cover of my area. I will motivate people in my neighborhood to plant more trees and take care of existing trees by creating awareness about the importance of plant life in the ecosystem. To make this possible, I will initiate proceedings and organize weekly programs on the same. Creating awareness among children and youth will be a top priority as they will be able to easily understand the issues we are facing. Planting new trees is as important as taking care of existing ones. Therefore, my volunteers and I will regularly water plants and trees.

8. Explain how deforestation leads to reduced rainfall.

Sol:

The removal of trees and plant life from a particular area for the manufacture of industries, agriculture and other purposes is called deforestation. Photosynthesis occurs in plant life by the absorption of CO2 from the Earth’s atmosphere. When plant life is destroyed, carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere will substantially increase the major trap of heat radiation that causes global warming. This increase in temperature will affect the water cycle. Disturbances in the water cycle will create a series of events and, ultimately, change in rainfall patterns and drought results.

9. Find out about national parks in your state. Identify and show their location on the outline map of India

Sol:

Periyar National park located in the state of Kerala.

10. Why should paper be saved? Prepare a list of ways by which you can save paper

Sol:

If one ton of clean white paper is to be produced, seventeen full-grown trees are cut down. Trees play a major role in maintaining balance in nature. Therefore, it is necessary to save paper to protect trees and to avoid the impact of damage to trees on the organisms that depend on these organisms.Ways to save paper:• Collection and recycling of used paper.• Using both sides of a paper for writing.• To spread awareness about the importance of paper in school children and youth.• Intelligent and proper use of paper.

11. Complete the word puzzle.

Down

1. Species on the verge of extinction.
2. A book carrying information about endangered species.
3. Consequences of deforestation.

Across

1. Species which have vanished.
2. Species found only in a particular habitat.
3. Variety of plants, animals and microorganisms found in an area.

Down

1. Endangered
2. Red Data Book
3. Deserts

Across

1. Extinct
2. Endemic
3. Biodiversity

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