NCERT Solution For Class 8 History, Chapter 5 – When People Rebel 1857

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NCERT Solution For Class 8 History, Chapter 5 – When People Rebel 1857 provides us with all-inclusive information on all concepts. As students would have to learn the basics about the subject in class 8, this curriculum for class 8 is comprehensive study material, which explains the concepts in a great way.

1. What was the demand of Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi that was refused by the British?

Answer.

Rani Lakshmibai was the queen of Jhansi. He had adopted a son. Therefore, she wanted her son to become the ruler of Jhansi. However, according to Lord Dalhousie’s doctrine of default policy, an adopted heir will not be allowed to take over the kingdom after the father dies and the same will be annexed by the British. Therefore, the demand of Rani Laxmibai to recognize her adopted son as the male heir of the state was rejected by the British.

2. What did the British do to protect the interests of those who converted to Christianity?

Answer.

After 1830, the company allowed Christian missionaries to function independently in their domains and even land and property. In 1850, a new law was passed to make conversion to Christianity easier. This law allowed an Indian who had converted to Christianity to obtain the property of his ancestors. Many Indians felt that the British were destroying their religion, their social customs and their traditional way of life.

3. What objections did the sepoys have to the new cartridges that they were asked to use?

Answer.

The new cartridges were unacceptable to Indian soldiers, as they believed that they were wrapped in cow and pig fat. Soldiers have to cut cartridges to load them. But his religion did not even allow him to touch these cartridges. Therefore, he refused to use the new cartridge.

4. How did the last Mughal emperor live the last years of his life?

Answer.

The last Mughal emperor was Bahadur Shah Zafar. His title as a Mughal emperor was a symbolic one. After the death of Aurangzeb, the Mughal rulers had lost their power and held only a symbolic stature. Zafar was also the symbolic head of the 1857 rebellion. However, once the rebellion was crushed, an attempt was made to bring Bahadur Shah Zafar to court. He was blinded by the British and jailed. Later in 1858, he was sent to Rangoon with his wife, where he died in 1862.

5. What could be the reasons for the confidence of the British rulers about their position in India before May 1857?

Answer.

The British became confident about their position in India for the following reasons:a. The Mughal rulers, after the death of Aurangzeb, were not strong and powerful. Therefore, it was easy for the British to annex the states.B. The disagreement between the Nawabs and the Mughal rulers helped the British build a strong stronghold on Indian society starting from Bengal.C. Policies such as the Subsidiary Alliance helped the British military use areas one by one without any military power.D. The rebellion of 1857 was crushed by the British, which dominated Indian society.

6. What impact did Bahadur Shah Zafar’s support to the rebellion have on the people and the ruling families?

Answer.

Aurangzeb was considered the last strong and powerful Mughal ruler of India. After his death, the Mughal rulers had only symbolic presence. But the Mughal rulers still had their influence over small chiefs and rulers across the country. The revolt of 1857 began only when Bahadur Shah Zafar, the last ruler of the Mughals gave his permission. His support for the rebellion convinced the leaders from various places about the opposition of the British. Zafar asked all the leaders to form a union to fight the British. Many small, big states, rulers and chieftains supported the rebellion after Bahadur Shah Zafar extended his support to the rebellion. Therefore, his support for the rebellion had a wide impact on the people and ruling families.

7. How did the British succeed in securing the submission of the rebel landowners of Awadh?

Answer.

The British took a two-pronged approach to suppress the rebellious landowners of Awadh:a. The first approach was to hang rebel landlords who killed British personnel, so as to threaten the people of Awadh by showing the consequences of any future rebellion.B. The second way was to reward the loyal zamindars of Awadh. The British stated that if the landlords did not kill any British personnel and if they agreed to appear before the British, they would be provided security and could retain their share of the land.

8. In what ways did the British change their policies as a result of the rebellion of 1857?

Answer.

After the Revolt of 1857, the British Crown directly took control of the Indian administration. The powers of the East India Company were transferred to the Crown. The following changes were made:

1. Principle of default policy abolished
2. The number of Indian soldiers in the army was reduced so that in future they could not revolt against the British.
3. Rights of Zamindars and Zamindars were further enhanced

D. The Crown promised that it would not interfere with people’s religion.E. A Viceroy and a Secretary of State were appointed to administer Indian society.

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