NCERT Solution For Class 8 History, Chapter 10 – India After Independence

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NCERT Solution For Class 8 History, Chapter 10 – India After Independence provides us with all-inclusive information on all concepts. As students would have to learn the basics about the subject in class 8, this curriculum for class 8 is comprehensive study material, which explains the concepts in a great way.

1. Name three problems that the newly independent nation of India faced.

Answer.

When India became independent in August 1947, it faced huge challenges:a. 8 million refugees arrived in the country which was now Pakistan. They had to find a home and a job for these people.B. The problem of princely states, about 500 of them, each was ruled by a Maharaja or Nawab, each of whom had to be persuaded to join the new nation.C. The challenges faced by refugees and princely states had to be addressed immediately.

2. What was the role of the Planning Commission?

Answer.

In 1950, the government established a Planning Commission to design and execute policies suitable for economic development. The commission has to design the roles played by private players and the government in a system which was called a mixed economy system.

3. Fill in the blanks:

(a) Subjects that were placed on the Union List were _________, _________ and _________.

(b) Subjects on the Concurrent List were _________ and _________.

(c) Economic planning by which both the state and the private sector played a role in development was called a _________ _________ model.

(d) The death of _________ sparked off such violent protests that the government was forced to give in to the demand for the linguistic state of Andhra.

Answer.

(a) Subjects that were placed on the Union List were taxes, defense and foreign affairs.

(b) Subjects on the Concurrent List were forest and agriculture.

(c) Economic planning by which both the state and the private sector played a role in developing what was called a mixed economy model.

(d) The death of Potti Sriramulu sparked off such violent protests, that the government was forced to give in to the demand for the linguistic state of Andhra.

4. State whether true or false:

(a) At independence, the majority of Indians lived in villages.

(b) The Constituent Assembly was made up of members of the Congress party.

(c) In the first national election, only men were allowed to vote.

(d) The Second Five Year Plan focused on the development of the heavy industry.

Answer.

(a) True

(b) False

(c) False

(d) True

5. What did Dr Ambedkar mean when he said that “In politics, we will have equality, and in social and economic life we will have inequality”?

Answer.

BR Ambedkar believed that political democracy should be followed by economic and social democracy. When he said the words above, he meant to eradicate inequality in social and economic spheres of life. He did not want any discrimination between rich and poor or upper-caste or low-caste. According to him, when democracy touches all areas of people’s lives, only then can we call it true democracy.

6. After Independence, why was there a reluctance to divide the country on linguistic lines?

Answer.

Both Prime Minister Nehru and Deputy Prime Minister Vallabhbhai Patel were against the creation of linguistic states. After the partition, Nehru said, “the disruptive trend was revealed”; To check them, the nation had to be strong and united. India was already divided on the basis of religion: in spite of the wishes and efforts of Mahatma Gandhi, freedom was given not to one nation but to two.

7. Give one reason why English continued to be used in India after Independence.

Answer.

Many Congress members believed that the English language should leave India with the British rulers. According to him, Hindi needs a place of English. However, those who did not speak Hindi were of a different opinion. Speaking in the Legislative Assembly,  T. Krishnamachari “gave a warning on behalf of the people of the south”, some of whom threatened to secede from India if Hindi applied to them. Finally an agreement was reached: namely, that while Hindi would be the “official language” of India, English would be used in the courts, in services and communication between one state and another.

8. How was the economic development of India visualised in the early decades after Independence?

Answer.

There is an independent press, as well as an independent judiciary. The fact that people of India speak different languages ​​or follow different religions has not come in the way of national unity. Parts of India and some groups of Indians have benefited greatly from economic development. They live in big houses and dine in expensive restaurants, send their children to expensive private schools and take expensive foreign holidays. At the same time, many others live below the poverty line. People living in urban slums or in remote villages give low yields, they cannot send their children to school.

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