NCERT Solutions for Class 7 Science Climate and Adaptation
Class 7 Science: Learn and practice with Takshila Learning and score the best in exams. Here, you find Class 7th Science notes, worksheets, study material in easy language for better learning and understanding. As a special feature, our content is drafted in both English and Hindi language. In this post, we shared some notes on ‘Climate and Adaptation’ from CBSE Class 7 Science.
Climate and Adaptation:
On the Earth, various places, such as the polar region, desert have very harsh and rough climate. Many organisms live and thrive in these places, even though the harsh climate. Animals and plants living in such places develop certain attributes which help them survive in the harsh climate. To develop certain characters in order to survive in a particular climate is called adaptation.
Adaptation in Polar Region:
In the polar regions, the sun does not appear for about six months and it does not set for another six months of the year. Mostly, these regions are covered with snow for the year. In winter, temperatures may go down to -37°C. Hence, the climate of Polar Regions becomes extremely rough and harsh. Even though such condition, many animals live in those places, for example, Penguin, Polar Bear, Snow Leopard, etc. For surviving in such a harsh climate, these animals show various adaptations which help them in survival in the Polar Region.
Polar Bear: A body of a Polar bear is covered with two thick layers of fur. Moreover, they have a thick layer of fat under the skin called blubber. These furs and fat layers act as an insulator and prevent the bear from extreme cold. Because of the white fur, the Polar Bear can easily mix with its snowy background and can hide from its predator and prey. The Color and pattern of the Polar bear help in hiding with surroundings are known as camouflage.
Polar bears have wide paws with long curved nails, called claws. This helps them to move on the snow. Wide paws work as a rudder while swimming. They are very good swimmers. The Polar bear has a good sense of smell that helps the Polar bear in searching a fish even from under a thick layer of snow.
Penguin: Penguins are found in the Polar Region. Penguins are white and black in color. They have a heavy layer of fat under their skin that protects them from extreme cold. They usually remain bunched together. This helps to keep them warm. They have curved claws which help them to walk in the snow and to swim in the water.
Birds: There are various types of birds found in Polar Regions. They fly to the hot regions in winter to survive. Long-distance travels in search of favorable climate are migration.
Some migratory birds travel around 15000 km to keep them survive in adverse climatic conditions. The arctic tern is known to be the longest traveler.
Many fishes and mammals also migrate to other places in such adverse climatic conditions.
Watch animated videos on ‘Climate and Adaptation’ for better understanding and learning, by clicking on Class 7 Science.
Tropical Rain Forest:
Rainforests are found in Southeast Asia, Central America, Central Africa. In India, Rainforests are found in Assam and the Western Ghats.
Tropical Rainforests have an abundance of food which supports a variety of life. Various animals are found in the rainforests, e.g. elephants, leopards, tigers, snakes, monkeys, frogs, apes, buffaloes, lizards, different types of birds, insects, etc.
Adaptive features of animals found in the rain forest:
Lions: Lions have a highly developed sense of smell and night vision. The color of the skin helps it in mixing with the background. These features help a lion in catching the prey.
Elephants: Elephants have a strong sense of smell. It helps in finding the food. The trunk of the Elephant has powerful muscles which help in uprooting even a big tree. Elephants have a well-developed sense of hearing which helps in sensing danger in advance. An elephant uses its trunk to shower water all over its body to cool down his body temperature.
Monkeys: Monkeys are most adapted to live in the tropical rainforests. Monkey uses its soles and palms to hold a branch and thus can hang and swing from a branch. A monkey can also use its tail to grip a branch. Monkeys can see very far in the jungle by a climb to the topmost branch of a tree. These features help them in sensing the danger and in finding the food.
Frogs: Frogs are adapted to live both in water and on land. The greenish color of the Frog helps it in blending with the green foliage. The Frog has a long and sticky tongue which helps to catch its prey. The tree-frog has sticky pads in its claws. Sticky pads help the tree-frog in climbing a tree and in holding on to a branch.
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