NCERT Solutions for Class 9 History, Chapter 3 : NAZISM AND THE RISE OF HITLER

Class 9 is the first stepping stone for a student in the competitive world. With the introduction of the CBSE Board Exam for class 10 a few years back, this has become an important gateway for a student. Based on the results of class 9th a student selects his future stream of Science, Commerce or Arts suiting his interest.

Takshila Learning is providing NCERT Solutions for Class 9 History as per the latest syllabus by CBSE. Class 9 is the building block for the CBSE Class 10 Board Exams, not only for your exams but also for your higher studies and career. History is the most essential subject and the knowledge in this field opens up wider career opportunities for the students.

Below you can find the NCERT solution for Class 9th History. You can get a Solution for the all-important question of Class 9 History, Chapter 3 : NAZISM AND THE RISE OF HITLER

1. Describe the problems faced by the Weimar Republic

Answer:

The defeat of Imperial Germany at the hands of the allied powers in World War I led to the stomach of Emperor Wilhelm II. This gave parliamentary parties an opportunity to re-establish the German monarchy.Thus a National Assembly met in the city of Weimar as a republic with a democratic constitution and federal structure. But this nascent republic was not well received by its own people for the following reasons:(I) The Allies implemented a harsh and humiliating treaty in Versailles, which blamed the German soldier for starting the First World War. It was the Weimar Republic that signed the treaty to the displeasure of the German population.(II) Germany lost all its foreign colonies and one-tenth of its population, with Germany giving Germany 5% of its iron and 24% of its coal to France, Poland, Denmark and Lithuania.(III) The War Crimes Clause held Germany responsible for the war and the subsequent damage to the Allies. He was forced to pay a total of £ 6 billion in compensation. Due to the loss of most of its revenue-generating colonies, Germany was unable to repay the amount.(IV) Due to failure to pay compensation, Allied forces occupied the resource-rich Rhineland for a time. The Weimar Republic reacted to this by printing large amounts of paper currency to pay off the huge debt. This led to hyperinflation and the eventual collapse of the economy.(V) With the humiliation of a foreign power occupying German territory and economic collapse, the German public put the new Weimar republic to defeat in World War I and accepted the humiliation at Versailles.

2. Discuss why Nazism became popular in Germany by 1930

Answer:

The end of the First World War had changed Germany’s political landscape. From the very beginning, the infant Weimar Republic was beset by problems.(I) The harsh Versailles treaty was a severe blow to the national prestige and economy of the Germans.(II) The economic situation was worsened by the Great Depression of 1929, which severely affected the already weak German economy. The inability to measure the status of the Weimar Republic only further fueled public sentiment.(III) The political landscape was no better as any of the political factions, such as the Communists and Socialists fought with each other to prevent any policy that would aggravate the plight of the German people.(IV) It was in this background that Hitler would organize the National Socialist German Worker’s Party, which would be known as the Nazi Party.(V) By implementing Nazi ideals, Hitler reduced the injustice of the Treaty of Versailles and restored the dignity of the German people, Promised economic security and promised to create a strong German nation free from all foreign influences and Vers conspiracies.(VI) They found strong support among the German middle class, who were threatened by the economic collapse that led to the closure of banks, businesses and factories.(VII) Nazi propaganda, with Hitler’s powerful oratory skills, successfully portrayed Hitler as a savior and Nazism, Which was meant to liberate the German people from the crisis of living in times of acute economic and political crisis.

3. What are the peculiar features of Nazi thinking?

Answer:

Nazi thinking was synonymous with Hitler’s worldview. The characteristics of such thinking are as follows:(I) There was no equality in mankind, only a racial hierarchy – blonde, blue-eyed, Nordic Germans being placed at the top of the Aryans and Jews at the bottom. All other colored people were placed somewhere in the middle based on their external characteristics.(II) The second aspect of Nazi ideology was the concept of Lebensraum or living space. It was believed that new territories had to be acquired at the expense of local resources to increase the material resources and power of the German nation.(III) They believed in the existence of the fittest, a twisted version of the Charles Darwin theory about natural selection. In his version, he believed that the strongest caste would survive, while the weak would be weak.(IV) Nazi thinking placed more emphasis on ‘racial purity’. This meant that anyone born physically and mentally handicapped was considered ‘undesirable’ and impure. Permitting their existence would only pollute the German race and hence they had no right to exist. Along with Jews, Gypsies, Slavs, and blacks were all considered inhumane and killed in large numbers in the shadow of World War II.(V) The Nazis believed in war and invasion. Any notion of peace or related ideologies was considered weak by their standards. He believed that world domination through war was justified in proving the superiority of the German race.

4. Explain why Nazi propaganda was effective in creating a hatred for Jews.

Answer:

The Nazis were quite effective at using propaganda. He made the most infamous film, The Eternal Jew, to spread fan hatred for Jews. Orthodox Jews were stereotyped and marked. He was shown wearing a kaftan, with a flowing beard, and was referred to as mice and vermilion fed to good Germans. Jews were also to blame for Germany’s defeat in World War I, despite the fact that a large number of them had made a distinction in the conflict. The propaganda by the Nazis effectively worked on the minds of the people, who were using and tapping their anti-Semitic sentiments for centuries. This gave rise to hatred and anger towards those who were blamed for all of Germany’s past and present ills and the Nazis have to carry out these measures.

5. Explain what role of women in Nazi society. Return to Chapter 1 on the French Revolution. Write a paragraph comparing and contrasting the role of women in the two periods.

Answer:

Women of Nazi society were accused of maintaining the honor of the German race by limiting their exposure to contacts ‘undesirables’ and raising as many pure-blooded children as possible. Those who conformed to this role were given favored treatment in hospitals, in-store concessions, theater tickets and railway fares. Despite Hitler’s statement on ‘women being the most important citizens’, this did not apply to every woman. Especially those who deviated from Nazi ideology. Those who committed public humiliation, loss of civilian honor, loss of family, prison sentences and even death.This was in contrast to the role of women in the French Revolution, where women led movements and fought for the right to education and equal wages to men. They could not be forced to marry against their will. They could also train for jobs, become artists or run small businesses. Schooling was made compulsory for them and they could also hold property.

6. In what ways did the Nazi state seek to establish total control over its people?

Answer:

Paul Von Hindenburg, President of the Republic of Vimar, made Hitler the Chancellor of Germany. Shortly after, a mysterious fire broke out in the Reichstag, the Parliament House in Germany. Blaming the act of arson on the Communists and other the enemies of the state, Hitler passed the First Fire Decree in 1933, which suspended civil rights such as freedom of speech, press and assembly. Thus, Hitler began to effectively control the German population. Other measures he took in Germany to systematically destroy democracy were:(I) Act The Enabling Act was passed, which gave Hitler all the powers to bypass Parliament and rule by decree.(ll) All political parties were banned, with the exception of the Nazi party. Members of these banned parties were either imprisoned, deported or murdered.(III) Communists were wiped out, the remaining members sent to concentration camps.(IV) Special security forces such as SA, SS, SD and Gestapo were created to control and command society for the Nazis. These organizations were given additional judicial powers.(V) In schools, children were taught to be loyal and courteous. They were also taught to hate Jews and worship Hitler. Thus, cultivating a personality cult in the process.(VI) Nazi youth organizations, such as olk Jungwok and Youth Hitler Youth were created, where the youth were taught to hate democracy, communism, Jews and other es undesirables.

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