NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography, Chapter 2 : Physical Features of India

Class 9 is the first stepping stone for a student in the competitive world. With the introduction of the CBSE Board Exam for class 10 a few years back, this has become an important gateway for a student. Based on the results of class 9th a student selects his future stream of Science, Commerce or Arts suiting his interest.

Takshila Learning is providing NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Geography as per the latest syllabus by CBSE. Class 9 is the building block for the CBSE Class 10 Board Exams, not only for your exams but also for your higher studies and career. Geography is the most essential subject and the knowledge in this field opens up wider career opportunities for the students.

Below you can find the NCERT solution for Class 9th Geography. You can get a Solution for the all-important question of Class 9 Geography, Chapter 2 : Physical Features of India

1. Choose the right answer from the four alternatives given below.

(i) A landmass bounded by the sea on three sides is referred to as

(a) Coast

(b) Island

(c) Peninsula

(d) None of the above

Answer: (c)

(ii) Mountain ranges in the eastern part of India forming its boundary with Myanmar are collectively called

(a) Himachal

(b) Uttarakhand

(c) Purvachal

(d) None of the above

Answer: (c)

(iii) The western coastal strip, south of Goa is referred to as

(a) Coromandel

(b) Konkan

(c) Kannad

(d) Northern Circar

Answer: (c)

(iv) The highest peak in the Eastern Ghats is

(a) Anai Mudi

(b) Kanchenjunga

(c) Mahendragiri

(d) Khasi

Answer: C

2. Answer the following questions briefly.

(i) What is the bhabar?

Answer:

The northern plains are generally described as flatlands, with no variation in its relief. But this is not true. These vast plains also have diverse relief facilities. According to the variation in relief facilities, the northern plains can be divided into four regions. After descending from the mountains, the rivers deposit pebbles in a narrow strip of about 8 to 16 km lying parallel to the Shivalik’s slope. This region is known as Bhabar.

 (ii) Name the three major divisions of the Himalayas from north to south.

Answer:

1. The northernmost range is known as The Great or Inner Himalayas or Himadri
2. Himachal or Lesser Himalaya
3. Outer Himalayas or Shiwaliks

(iii) Which plateau lies between the Aravali and the Vindhya ranges?

Answer:

The Malwa plateau lies between Aravali and Vindhya ranges.

(iv) Name the island group of India having a coral origin.

Answer:

Lakshadweep Islands is the island group of India having with a coral origin.

3. Distinguish between

(i) Bhangar and Khadar

Answer:

Bhangar1. lie above the flood plains of the river.2. Older alluvial or older soil forms the largest part of the northern plainsKhadar1. It is a new, small deposit of floodplains. Renew is done every year.

 (ii) the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats

Answer:

Western Ghats1. lie parallel to the west coast.2. They are continuous and can only be crossed through the pass3. The average elevation of the Western Ghats is 900 – 1600 meters.4. The Western Ghats cause ornamental rain to rise along the western slope of the Ghats by encountering the moist winds that rain.5. The height of the Western Ghats increases progressively from north to south. Eastern Ghats1. lie parallel to the east coast.2. They are closed and irregular and3. The Eastern Ghats are dissected by rivers flowing into the Bay of Bengal.4. The average height of the Eastern Ghats is 600 meters.

4. Which are the major physiographic divisions of India? Contrast the relief of the Himalayan region with that of the Peninsular plateau

Answer:

The major physiographic divisions of India are

1. The Himalayan Mountains
2. The Northern Plains
3. The Peninsular Plateau
4. The Indian Desert
5. The Coastal Plains
6. The Islands

Contrast the relief of Himalayan region and Peninsular Plateau

Geologically, the peninsular plateau is one of the ancient lands on the Earth’s surface. It was considered one of the most stable land blocks. The Himalayas are the most recent landforms. From the point of view of geology, the Himalayan mountains form an unstable region. The entire mountain system of the Himalayas represents a very young topography with high peaks, deep valleys and fast flowing rivers. The northern plains are made of alluvial deposits. The peninsular plateau is made up of igneous and metamorphic rocks with gently rising hills and wide valleys.

5. Give an account of the Northern Plains of India.

Answer:

The northern plains are the most recent landforms. The northern plains are made of alluvial deposits. The northern plain is formed by an inter-grouping of three major river systems, namely the Indus, the Ganges and the Brahmaputra and their tributaries. This plain is made of alluvial soil. Alluvial deposits in a huge basin lying in the foothills of the Himalayas for millions of years created this fertile plain. It is spread over an area of ​​7 lakh sq km. The plain is approximately 2400 km long and 240 to 320 km wide, which is a densely populated physical division. With a rich soil cover with adequate water supply and favorable climate, it is culturally a productive part of India. The northern plain is broadly divided into three sections. The western part of the northern plain is called the Punjab plain. Built by the Indus and its tributaries, a large part of this plain is located in Pakistan. The Indus and its tributaries – Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej all originate in the Himalayas. This part of the field is dominated by the Doab. The Gangetic plain is spread between the Ghaggar and Teesta rivers. It is spread over the northern states of Haryana, Delhi, U.P., Bihar and partly in Jharkhand. The Gangetic plain also moves east towards Bengal. To the east, there is the Brahmaputra plain in Assam. The northern plains are generally described as flat lands, where there is no variation in its relief. These vast plains also have diverse relief facilities. According to the variation in relief facilities, the northern plains can be divided into four regions. After descending from the mountains, the rivers deposit pebbles in a narrow strip of about 8 to 16 km lying parallel to the Shivalik’s slope. This region is known as Bhabar. All streams in this Bhabar belt disappear. To the south of this belt, the rivers re-emerge and form a wet, marshy and marshy area known as the Terai. It was once a dense forest full of wild animals.

6. Write short notes on the following.

(i) The Indian Desert

Answer:

The Indian desert lies on the western fringe of the Aravalli hills. It is a sandy plain covered with sand dunes. This region receives very little rainfall. Average rainfall is below 150 mm per year. It has a dry climate with low to moderate cover. Currents appear during the rainy season. Soon they disappear into the sand because they do not have enough water to reach the sea. Luni is the only major river in the region.

 (ii) The Central Highlands

Answer:

Central Highlands and Deccan Plateau. The portion of the peninsular plateau north of the Narmada River covering a major area of ​​the Malwa Plateau is known as the Middle Highlands. The Central Highlands is wide in the west but narrower in the east. The eastward extension of this plateau is locally known as Bundelkhand and Baghelkhand. The Chotanagpur plateau represents the east-eastern extension of the river Damodar.

 (iii) The Island groups of India

Answer:

Lakshadweep Islands

The Lakshadweep group of islands is made up of small coral islands. Earlier they were known as Lacadive, Minicoy and Emindive. In 1973, he was named Lakshadweep. It covers a small area of ​​32 sq km. Kavaratti island is the administrative headquarters of Lakshadweep. The islands have a large variety of flora and fauna. Pitti Island, which is uninhabited, has a bird sanctuary.

Andaman and Nicobar Islands

The long chain of islands located in the Bay of Bengal extends from north to south. These are Andaman and Nicobar Islands. They are larger in size and more numerous and scattered. The entire group of islands is divided into two broad categories – Andaman in the north and Nicobar in the south. It is believed that the island is a high part of the submarine mountains. These islands are of great strategic importance to the country. This group of islands also has a wide variety of flora and fauna. These islands are located close to the equator and experience equatorial climate and have dense forests.

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