Inside Our Earth | Interior of the Earth – Class 7 Geography(Social Science)
Planet Earth
Earth is a dynamic planet where hum beings live. The radius of the earth is 6731 km. it is not absolute spherical in shape. Constant changes occur inside and outside the earth.
Interior of the earth / Inside our earth / Describe the interior of the earth
Earth is just like an onion which is made of several layers of the earth with one inside another.
Three layers of the earth
The three layers of the earth are as follows-
Crust
It is the uppermost layer of the earth and thinnest among all the layers. It is 5 km from the ocean floor and 35 km from the continental mass. It is formed from the 0.5% of the total earth’s surface and it is less than 1 % of earth’s volume. The crust is fragmented with many plates which float on the mantle. When these plates come closer and get hit, it results in an earthquake
The crust is of two types
- Continental crust (under the land)- This layer is also known as si-al where si refers to silica and al refers to aluminum as they are the main mineral constituents of the continental mass
- Oceanic crust (under the ocean)-The ocean crust is made of Silica and magnesium, hence it is also known as Sima.
Mantle
Beneath the crust is the mantle. It extends up to the depth of 2900 km. it forms the 16% of the total volume of the earth’s surface. It is the thickest layer of the earth. It consists of hot dense and semi-solid rocks. It is made of silicate rock which is made of iron and magnesium. The upper portion of the mantle is called asthenosphere and it is the main source of magma. It is composed of dense rocks.
Core
It is the innermost layer of the earth. It has the radius of about 3500km. It is made of nickel and iron and called nife(ni-nickel and fe-ferrous). It has a very high temperature and pressure. It covers 83% of the total volume on the earth. It contains the heavier mineral material of higher density,
The core is of two types
- Outer core– it consists of nickel and iron and it is the liquid most layer. It is 2266 km from the surface. It mainly consists of nickel and iron. Earth’s magnetic field is created in this core.
- Inner core– it is the earth’s innermost part. It is in solid form. It has the radius of about 1200 km.
Continue the next part ….
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