HOW ARE CLOUDS FORMED – CLASS 9
We have all seen clouds in the sky and witnessed how raindrops pour from them during the monsoon season. In this blog, we will understand how all of that happens and why does it happen!
But before you go through this, you must also know what are the states of matter. To know more about that, click here or watch this video
What is Evaporation?
It is the process by which a substance changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state due to increases in temperature or pressure. It is an integral process in the water cycle.
What is Condensation?
In contrast to evaporation, a substance changes from a gaseous state to a liquid. It is important in the formation of clouds.
What are clouds?
A cloud is nothing but a body floating in the sky with water droplets and ice crystals. Clouds are very helpful in predicting the weather. There are different types of clouds, and they get their name in two primary ways. While some clouds form in the sky upwards, there are also some clouds that get formed close to the surface. Clouds that touch the earth are called fog. Clouds also have names based on their shapes – Cyrus and Cumulus. Cyrus clouds refer to higher clouds, while Cumulus clouds are middle clouds.
How are clouds formed? | How does the cloud form
Clouds are the white floating balls that look like cotton in the sky. But they are not actually made of cotton. Clouds get made up of tiny water droplets or ice crystals that float in the air. The air becomes moist or humid due to the evaporation process of the Sun. The Sun evaporates the moist air around us above the surface of the Earth. As the altitude gets higher, the water vapour in the air condenses, and droplets form. As the droplets reach a point in the atmosphere known as the dew point, the droplets stop moving.
The snowdrops in the sky come together to form large droplets – a group of water molecules, which we call clouds. Clusters begin to gain weight due to the tendency for millions of droplets to join them. The amount of droplets in a cloud depends on the ambient temperature and pressure.
As these clouds become denser and more saturated, they fall to the Earth in the form of rain.
That is also how we get snow or hail. When big water molecules fall to the ground due to the cold temperatures in an area, water falls to the ground in the form of snow or hail and not raindrops.
This process of formation of clouds is ever going as the air near the Earth’s surface keeps getting heat from the Sun, causing it to rise and form clouds.
Some clouds, known as lenticular and stratus clouds, blow on the sides of a mountain range or terrain and are forced to move upward into the atmosphere. In low-pressure areas, some clouds form when air gets pushed upwards. This process produces all types of clouds, including Altocumulus, Cirrocumulus, Altostratus, and Stratus clouds.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
What is the cause of the wind?
Answer Air gets produced in different parts of the Earth due to the uneven heat of the atmosphere. Wind forms due to the rotation of the Earth and the presence of mountains. These two reasons also form the direction of the wind.
How do clouds form?
Answer During the day, water from various sources such as ponds, lakes, rivers, seas and wells evaporates, and this water vapour rises in the hot air. The air cools in the atmosphere after a certain point, leading all the moist air to condense. That is how tiny droplets form and come together to form clouds. When these drops become heavy, they fall as rain and fall down.
How does the atmosphere work as a blanket?
Answer The atmosphere acts as a blanket in the following ways:
- It maintains the temperature of the Earth’s surface day and night.
- The top layer contains ozone which protects life from harmful ultraviolet radiation.
To know more about evaporation and vaporization, click here.
Related class 9 science topic
Soil, Types of Soil and Factors affecting soil formation
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