General Awareness:  United Nations Development Programme

 

“The United Nations was not established to take humanity to heaven, but to save it from hell” – Dag Hammarskjöld [UN’s 2^nd Secretary General]

The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization that aims to maintain international peace and security, protect human rights, develop friendly relations among nations, providing humanitarian aid, achieve international cooperation and promote sustainable development.

It is the largest and the most powerful organization in the world having 193 member countries and 2 observers. It was established after World War II with an objective to prevent any future wars and to promote world peace.The 1^st session of UN was held in London, in 1946.

Secretary General of UN: AntónioGuterres

Headquarters of UN: New York, United States

Founded: 24 October 1945, San Francisco, California

24 October has been celebrated as United Nations Day since 1948.

United Nations Official languages: Arabic; Chinese; English; French; Russian; Spanish

To learn more about United Nations and its Agencies for Banking and SSC exams..

 

PRINCIPAL ORGANS OF THE UN :

 

The United Nations System consists of the United Nations, and the six principal organs of the United Nations. These are:

1. UN General Assembly (193 member countries) – The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) is themain deliberative, policy-making, and representative organ of the UN and the one in which all member nations have equal representation, and the.Its powers is to oversee the budget of the UN, appoint the non-permanent members to the Security Council, appoint the Secretary-General of the United Nations, receive reports from other parts of the UN, and make recommendations in the form of General Assembly Resolutions.

 

2. UN Security Council– The Security Council has primary responsibility, under the UN Charter, for ensuring international peace and security. It has 15 Members (5 permanent and 10 non-permanent members). Permanent members are China, France, Russia, UK and US. UNSC powers include the establishment of peacekeeping operations and international sanctions as well as the authorisation of military actions through resolutions and are the only body of the United Nations with the authority to issue binding resolutions to member states.

 

3. United Nations Secretariat – The Secretariat comprises the Secretary-General and tens of thousands of international UN staff members who carry out the day-to-day work of the UN as mandated by the General Assembly and the Organization’s other principal organs. The Secretary-General is chief administrative officer of the Organization, appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the Security Council for a five-year, renewable term. UN staff members are recruited internationally and locally, and work in duty stations and on peacekeeping missions all around the world.

 

4. International Court of Justice (ICJ)– The International Court of Justice also known as World Court is the principal judicial organ of the United Nations (UN). The ICJ settles disputes between states and gives advisory opinions on international legal issues referred to it by the UN.

 

5. United Nations Economic and Social Council– The United Nations Economic and Social Council is responsible for coordinating the economic and social fields of the organisation and serves as the central forum for discussing international economic and social issues and formulating policy recommendations addressed to member states and the United Nations system.

 

6. United Nations Trusteeship Council – The United Nations Trusteeship Council was established to help ensure that trust territories were administered in the best interests of their inhabitants and of international peace and security.

 

IMPORTANT AGENCIES OF THE UN:

 

International Monetary Fund (IMF)

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization that consists of 189 countries working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world.

Established in: 1945; Headquarters: Washington DC

 

World Bank Group (WBG)

The World Bank Group is the largest and most well-known development bank in the world to achieve the goals of ending extreme poverty and building shared prosperity and is an observer at the United Nations Development Group. Its five organizations are the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD), the International Development Association (IDA), the International Finance Corporation (IFC), the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) and the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID).

Established in: 1944; Headquarters: Washington DC

 

International Labour Organisation (ILO)

The main purpose behind establishing ILO was to improve conditions and living standards of workers.

Established in: 1919; Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland

 

World Tourism Organization

The World Tourism Organization is the specialized agency of UN responsible for the promotion of responsible, sustainable and universally accessible tourism. It is the leading international organization in the field of tourism, which promotes tourism as a driver of economic growth, inclusive development and environmental sustainability.

Established in: 1974; Headquarters: Madrid, Spain

 

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

UNDP helps developing countries increase the wealth producing capabilities of their natural and human resources.

Established in: 1965; Headquarters: New York

 

United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP)

The purpose of UNEP is to promote international cooperation in human environment.

Established in: 1972; Headquarters: Nairobi (Kenya)

 

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO)

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) based in Paris, France whose main objective is to contribute to promoting international collaboration in education, sciences, and culture in order to increase universal respect for justice, the rule of law, and human rights along with fundamental freedom proclaimed in the United Nations Charter.

Established in: 1946, Headquarters: Paris

 

World Health Organisation (WHO)

The World Health Organization (WHO) is a specialised agency of the United Nations with the main objective of attainment of highest possible level of health by all people. The WHO is responsible for the World Health Report, the worldwide World Health Survey, and World Health Day. The current Director-General of the WHO, Tedros Adhanom

Established in: 1948, Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland

 

International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an international organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons.

Established in: 1957; Headquarters: Vienna, Austria

 

International Maritime Organization

The International Maritime Organization (IMO) is a specialised agency of the United Nations responsible for regulating shipping. The IMO’s primary purpose is to develop and maintain a comprehensive regulatory framework for shipping and its remit today includes safety, environmental concerns, legal matters, technical co-operation, maritime security and the efficiency of shipping.

Established in: 1948; Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland

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Important Tags : General Awareness / General Awareness for banking exams / International Labour Organisation / International Monetary Fund / United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund / United Nations Educational / Scientific and Cultural Organisation / World Health Organisation / International Atomic Energy Agency / International Development Association / United Nations Development Programme / World Trade Organisation / United Nations Environmental Programme