Directions (1-5): Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the questions given below.
A. The evidence on the benefits of the interlinking scheme is mixed. On the one hand the project is built on hopes that it will boost percapita water availability for 220mn water-hungry Indians.
B. The initial plan to interlink India’s rivers came in 1858 from a British irrigation engineer, Sir Arthur Thomas Cotton.
C. The scheme also envisions an area more than twice the size of Andhra Pradesh receiving additional water for irrigation and to eventually even out the precarious swings between floods and droughts.
D. And concerns surrounding escalating cost projections, which have reportedly jumped to something closer to Rs. 11 lakh crore.
E. Yet even as the project moves forward it must consider the risks at hand, which include the possibility that it could displace nearly 1.5 million people due to the submergence of 27.66 lakh hectares of land;
F. Since late last year, the scheme has been implemented by the Central government in several segments such as the Godavari-Krishnainterlink in Andhra Pradesh, and the Ken-Betwa interlink in Madhya Pradesh.
1. Which of the following should be the FIRST sentence after rearrangement?
(a)A (b) B (c) C (d) D (e) F
2. Which of the following should be the SECOND sentence after rearrangement?
(a)A (b) B (c) C (d)D (e) F
3. Which of the following should be the THIRD sentence after rearrangement?
(a)A (b) B (c) C (d) D (e) F
4. Which of the following should be the FOURTH sentence after rearrangement?
(a)A (b) B (c) C (d) D (e) E
5. Which of the following should be the SIXTH (last) sentence after rearrangement?
(a)A (b) B (c) C (d)D (e) E
Directions (6-15):Read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below it. Certain words/ phrases are given in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
Today emerging markets account for more than half of world GDP on the basis of purchasing power according to the international Monetary Fund (IMF). In the 1990s, it was about a third and in the late 1990s 30% of countries in the developing world managed to increase their output per person faster than America did, thus achieving what is called ‘Catch-up growth’. That catching up was some what lackadaisical. The closed at just 1.5% a year. Some of this was due to slower growth in America, most was not. The most impressive growth was in four of the biggest emerging economies Brazil, Russia, India and China BRICs. These economies have grown in different way and for different reasons. The remarkable growth of emerging markets in general and the BRICs in particular transformed the global economy in many ways. Some wrenching commodity prices soared and the cost of manufactures and labour sank. A growing and vastly more accessible pool of labour in emerging economies played a part in both wage stagnation and rising income inequality in each ones. Global poverty rates tumbled. Gaping economic imbalances fuelled an era of financial vulnerability and laid the ground work for global crisis. The shift towards the emerging economies will continue. But its most tumultuous phase seems to have more or less reached it send. Growth rates have dropped, the nature of their growth is in the process of changing too and its new mode will have lesser direct effects on the rest of the world. The likelihood of growth in other emerging economies having an effect in the near future comparable to that of the BRICs in the recent past is low. The emerging giants will grow larger and their ranks will swell, but their tread will no longer shake the Earth as it once did. After the 1990s, there followed ‘convergence with a vengeance’. China’s pivot towards liberalization and global markets came at a propitious time in terms of politics, business and technology. Rich economies were feeling relatively relaxed about globalization and current account deficits. America’s booming and confidence was little troubled by the growth of Chinese industry or by offshoring jobs to India. And the technology, etc., necessary to assemble and maintain complex supply chains were coming into their own, allowing firms to spread their operations between countries and across oceans. The tumbling costs of shipping and communications parked ‘globalisation’s second un bounding’ (the first was the simple ability to provide consumers in one place with goods from another). As longer supply chains infiltrated and connected places with large and fast growing working age populations, enormous quantities of cheap new labour became accessible. In 2007, China’s economy expanded by an eye popping 14.2%. India managed 10.1% growth,Russia 8.5 % and Brazil 6.1%. The IMF now reckons there will be a slow down in growth. China will grow by just 7.6% in 2013 India by 5.6% and Russia and Brazil by 2.5%. Other countries have impressive growth potential. ‘Next 11’ (N11) which includes Bangladesh, Indonesia, Mexico, Nigeria and Turkey. But thereare various reasons to think this N11 cannot have an impact on the same scale as that of the BRICs. The first is that these economies smaller. The N11 has population of just over 1.3 billion, less than half that of the BRICs. The second is that the N11 is richer now than the BRICs were back in the day. The third reason that the performance of the BRICs cannot be repeated is the very success of that performance. The world economy is much larger than it used to be twice as in real terms as it was in 1992 according to IMF figures. But whether or not the world can build remarkable era of growth will depend in large part on whether new giants tread a path towards greater global co-operation or stumble in times of tumult and in the worst case fight.
6. According to the passage which of the following is a reason for the author’s prediction regarding N11 countries?
(a) N11 countries are poorer, have less resources than BRICs countries and do not have much scope to grow
(b) The size of these countries is too great to fuel a high rate of growth as expected by BRICs countries (c) The world economy is so large that the magnitude of growth from these countries will have to be huge to equal the growth of BRICs
(d) These economies are agricultural and have not opened up their economies yet so their scope of growth of BRICs
(e) Other than those given as options
7. What is the author’s view of globalisation’s second unbounding?
(a) It proved beneficial since it created a large number of jobs and tremendous growth in cross-border trade
(b) It disturbed the fragile balance of power among BRICs nations and caused internal strife.
(c) It cased untold damage to America’s economy since it restricted the spread of American firms off-shore
(d) It proved most beneficial for the agricultural sector creating huge employment opportunities
(e) Citizens in advanced countries became much better off than those in emerging economies.
8. What effect did rise in economies of BRICs have on the global economy?
(a) It helped stabilize the global economy and insulate it from the fall out of the global financial crisis
(b) Labour became more highly skilled and wages rose alarmingly reducing the off-shoring of jobs to developing countries
(c) Though world wide poverty rates tumbled, the gap between the rich and the poor in rich economies increased
(d) The cost of living and level of inflation in these countries were maintained at low levels.
(e) All the given options are effects of the rise in BRICs economies.
9. What does the phrase ‘their ranks will swell but their tread will no longer shake the Earth as it once did’ convey in the context of the passage?
(a) While many countries will try and achieve the same rate of growth as BRICs they will not succeed
(b) The growth of BRICs countries had change the world’s economy in ways that any further growth will not have such a disruptive effect on the world economy
(c) Developing countries have strengthened their fiscal systems in such a way that they will not be shaken to such an extent again
(d) Poverty may increase as the gap between the rich the poor increase but it will never reach the same levels as prior to the crisis.
(e) Citizens in advanced countries become much better off than those in emerging economies
10. Which of the following can be said about ‘convergence with a vengeance?
A. After the 1990s advanced economies like America were open to the idea of free trade and globalization.
B. There were huge technological advances which were conducive to allowing business to spread their area of operations.
C. Rich economies felt threatened by the competition from china.
(a) Only A (b) Only B (c) Only C (d) A and B (e) B and C
11. What is the author’s main objective in writing this passage?
A. To urge emerging economies to deal with growth which can be disruptive maturely and without confilict.
B. To point out that while the period of growth of BRICs was disruptive this disruption has almost come to a close.
C. To criticise advanced economies for their handling of growth and promoting competition and conflict in certain regions.
(a) A and B (b) Only A (c) Only C (d) B and C (e) all of these
12. Which of the following is most nearly the SAME in meaning as the word ‘Tumbling’ as used in the passage?
(a) Jumbling (b) Confusing (c) Reducing (d) Dilapidated (e)Hurrying
13. Which of the following is most nearly the SAME in meaning as the word ‘Propitious’ as used in the passage?
(a) Forlorn (b) Felicitous (c) Baleful (d) Portent (e)Augury
14. Which of the following is most OPPOSITE in meaning to the word ‘expanded’ as used in the passage?
(a) Widened (b) Pressured (c)Delayed (d) Shrunk (e) Frightened
15. Which of the following is most OPPOSITE in meaning to the word ‘tumult’ as used in the passage?
(a) Ferment (b) Tranquility (c) Upheaval (d) Mayhem (e)Turmoil
Solutions
1) B
2) E
3) A
4) C
5) D
6) C
7) A
8) A
9) B
10) D
11) A
12) C
13) B
14) D
15) B
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