What Is Digestive System & Human Digestive System in class 8 Science
The Digestive system is the process of breaking down of complex food into simpler form, in order to absorb nutrients. Most of the food we eat is in insoluble form. The food has to undergo five stages of processing in order to absorb nutrient from the food.
The digestive system consists of following organs / Human Digestive System
- Mouth
The opening in the lower part of the human face, surrounded by the lips, through which food is taken in. Digestive system begins with the mouth. The following processes take place in the mouth.
- Teeth
Cuts the food into small bits, saliva softens the food to pulp tongue helps in pushing the bits of food into the throat(food pipe).
- Esoplagus (food pipe)
The part of the alimentary canal that connects the throat to the stomach. The wall of esophagus expands and relaxes, which make a wave like action to push the food to the stomach.
- Stomach
A saclike enlargement of the alimentary canal forming an organ for storing, diluting, and digesting food. Most of the food gets digested in the stomach and intestines. It secretes digestive juice like gastric juice, which breaks proteins to amino acids. Hydrochloric acid kills germs and action of enzymes. Food gets converted into semi-solid state called chyme.
- Small intestine
The narrow, winding, upper part of the intestine where digestion is completed and nutrients are absorbed by the blood. Food mixes with bile juice and pancreatic juice, then enters the intestine. It gets mixed with intestinal juices which contains enzymes that help in digestion. Proteins, amino acids by bile juice; fat and fatty acids, glycerol by intestinal juice; simple sugars by pancreatic juice. Finger like projections called villi absorbs nutrients.
- Large intestine
The portion of the intestine that transports waste out of the body and absorbs water from the waste before it leaves. The leftover liquid mixture of undigested food and water in the small intestine passes into the large intestine. The walls of the large intestine allow water and leftover useful substances to pass back into the blood. The moist undigested solids remain inside.
- Rectum
The rectum muscles create pressure that helps in removing solid waste out of the body.
They are joined together in a long tube called alimentary canal Accessory organs also help in digestion such as liver and pancreas.
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Tag: Digestion in humans, Basic steps of Digestion in humans, Five basic steps of Digestion in humans, Parts of the digestive tract
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