Our Universe and the Planets lessons, exercises
CBSE Class 4 Science Our Universe and the Planets lessons, exercises
Our Universe and the Planets
Keeping in the mind the learning level of a Class 4 child, every effort has been made to explain the topic ‘Our Universe’ in a simple language so that the child understands them easily. The chapter ‘Our Universe and The Planets’ have been explained through HD quality animated videos, images, real videos in Class 4 Science. I hope this article will also be useful to the children as well as teachers alike.
The Universe is unimaginably and infinitely big. The Universe is defined as everything that exists. The Universe consists of planets, stars, galaxies, meteorites, all kinds of physical matter & energy, and all the content of space. Our Earth is a part of the Solar System, which is a part of the Milky Way galaxy.
Our Solar System
Our Solar System consists of a star named the Sun, the planets Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. It also includes the satellites of the planets; numerous comets, asteroids, and meteoroids; and the interplanetary medium.
The Sun
The Sun is a star. It is the star around which the Earth and other planets revolve. In a way, we can say that the Sun is the head of Solar Family or Solar System. The Sun is a medium sized star and of average brightness as compared with millions of other stars. The Sun appears to be larger and brighter because it is much nearer to the Earth than any other star. Thus, the star nearest to the Earth is the Sun.
Mercury
Mercury is the smallest planet in our Solar System. It is closest to the Sun. Mercury is very hot during the day and has a very thin atmosphere. Hence, heat is quickly lost at night and it becomes very cold.
Venus
Venus is the hottest planet in our Solar System. It has a high percentage of Carbon Dioxide in its atmosphere which traps heat. It is brightest of all the planets in the night sky, so it is also called morning and evening star as it appears in the eastern sky before Sunrise and in the western sky after Sunset. It is closest to the Earth.
Earth
Earth is the only planet in our Solar System that has water in liquid form, Oxygen, and supports life. Earth takes 365-1/4 days to revolve around the Sun and takes 24 hours to rotate about its own axis.
Earth’s Satellite
The Moon is the only satellite of the Earth. It is a bright object in the night sky. It does not have any light of its own but reflects the light of the Sun. It takes around 28 days to revolve around the Earth and approximately the same time to complete 1 rotation. There is no air or atmosphere on the Moon. So, there are no life forms on the Moon.
Mars
Mars a reddish planet, the red color is due to the presence of iron oxides in the soil. Mars has two moons – Deimos and Phobos.
Jupiter
Jupiter is the largest planet in our Solar System. It has rings made of shattered fragments from its inner moons. It is a gaseous planet having no solid surface.
Saturn
Saturn is a yellowish planet and the 2nd largest planet in our Solar System. It is a gaseous planet.Saturn’s distinctive feature is the rings made of ice and dust that surrounds the planet.
Neptune
Neptune is very cold and stormy planet and the 4th largest planet in our Solar System.Neptune is the densest planet and has 17 times the mass of Earth.
Pluto
Pluto was the smallest and furthest planet from the Sun. Now it is known as Drawf planet and not included in our Solar System.
What is Eclipse?
Eclipse is the partial or complete hiding of one heavenly body by the shadow of another.
An Eclipse is formed when the shadow of the Earth falls on the Moon or the shadow of the Moon falls on Earth. Two types of eclipses:
A Solar Eclipse occurs when the moon comes in between the Sun and the Earth and casts its shadow on the Earth. Thus the region where the shadow falls cannot see the Sun. It always occurs on a new moon day.
For a better understanding of this topic is available in animated videos. For demos click on Online Class 4 Science.
A Lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth comes in between the Sun and the Moon and casts its shadow on the Moon. Thus covering the Moon. It always occurs on a full moon day.
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