NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Respiration

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Respiration

Class 10 Science : In this article, the following topic “RESPIRATION” from the chapter 6 named ‘Life processes’ of CBSE Class 10th Science is discussed. These notes are short and crisp, the student will understand facilely.

Respiration

All living organisms, whether plants or animals require energy to drive life activities.

Solar energy trapped by green plants during photosynthesis is the ultimate source of energy available to living organisms for the purpose.

To keep the life process in motion, the energy obtained by the oxidation of various photosynthesis products by the process called respiration.

• The process of respiration which releases energy takes place inside the cells of the body is known as cellular respiration.
• Respiration is essential for life because it provides energy for carrying out all the life processes which are necessary to keep the organism alive.

Breathing and Respiration:

How Energy Released during Respiration is Stored?

• The energy produced during respiration is stored in the form of ATP molecules in the cells of the body and utilized by the organism as when required.
• ADP (Adenosine Di-Phosphate, low energy content), Inorganic Phosphate (Pi) and ATP (Adenosine Tri-Phosphate, high energy content) are the substances present inside a cell.
• The energy released during respiration is used to make ATP molecules form ADP and inorganic phosphate.

• Thus, energy is stored in the form of ATP.
• When the cell needs energy, then ATP can be broken down using water to release energy. Thus:

• The energy equivalent to 30.5KJ/mole is released in this process.
• ATP is known as energy currency of cells.

Types of Respiration

In most of the cases, the organisms carry out respiration by using oxygen. There are, however some organisms which carry out respiration without using oxygen. Based on this, we have two types respiration-

1. Aerobic respiration
2. Anaerobic respiration

Aerobic Respiration

• The respiration which uses oxygen is called aerobic respiration.
• In aerobic respiration, the glucose food is completely broken down into carbon dioxide and water by oxidation.
• Aerobic respiration produces a considerable amount of energy for use by the organism which gets stored in the ATP molecules.

•         The breakdown of Pyruvate to give carbon dioxide, water and energy take place in mitochondria.

Anaerobic Respiration:

• The respiration which takes place without oxygen is called anaerobic respiration.
• The microscopic organisms like yeast and some bacteria obtain energy by anaerobic respiration (which is called fermentation).
• In anaerobic respiration, the microorganisms like yeast break down glucose (pabulum) into ethanol and carbon dioxide and relinquish energy.
• Anaerobic respiration produces much less energy which gets stored in the ATP molecules.

• Sometimes, when there is a deficit of oxygen in our muscle cells, another pathway for the breakdown of Pyruvate is taken. Here the Pyruvate is converted into lactic acid (which is also a three-carbon molecule) with the release of a small amount of energy.

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